Th17细胞和Treg细胞在大鼠实验性牙周炎牙周组织中的分布和意义

The mechanism of Th17 and Treg cells in different stages of rat experimental periodontitis

目的:探讨Th17细胞和Treg细胞在牙周组织炎症不同临床阶段的作用机制,为诠释牙周炎的免疫病理过程提供初步的理论依据。方法:制备实验性大鼠牙龈炎、牙周炎模型,通过免疫组化检测RORγt和Foxp3在牙周组织内的表达情况。结果:选取纯种8周龄雌性SD大鼠30只,随机分为3组(ABC):正常对照组(A组)、牙龈炎组(B组)、牙周炎组(C组),在正常组、牙龈炎组和牙周炎组均可观察到RORγt和Foxp3表达的棕黄色阳性染色颗粒,即这两种转录因子在3组中均有表达,RORγt在牙周炎中的光密度值最高,且明显高于牙龈炎组和正常组,牙龈炎组的RORγt光密度值高于正常组,且3组之间差异明显(P<0.05)。而Foxp3在牙龈炎组光密度值较高,且高于牙周炎组和正常组,牙周炎组的Foxp3光密度值高于正常组,且3组之间差异明显(P<0.05)。结论:(1)牙周组织中的RORγt的表达水平可以反映牙周炎症的严重程度。(2)以Foxp3为特异性转录因子的Treg细胞及其相关细胞因子可抑制牙周炎症的发展。(3)随着牙周炎症的发展出现了Th17和Treg细胞的失衡。

AIM:To investigate the role of Th17 cells and Treg cells in different clinical stages of periodontitis,and to provide a preliminary theoretical basis for interpreting the immunopathological process of periodontitis.METHODS:The model of gingivitis and periodontitis was established in rats.The expression of RORγt and Foxp3 in periodontal tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS:Thirty eight-week-old female SD rats were randomly divided into three groups(ABC):normal control group(Group A),gingivitis group(Group B)and periodontitis group(Group C),the expression of RORγt and Foxp3 were observed in the normal group,gingivitis group and periodontitis group.The expression of RORγt and Foxp3 was observed in all three groups.The optical density of RORγt in periodontitis was the highest,the optical density of RORγt in gingivitis group was significantly higher than that in normal group(P<0.05).The optical density of Foxp3 in gingivitis group was higher than that in periodontitis group and normal group.The optical density of FOXP3 in periodontitis group was higher than that in normal group,and there was significant difference among the three groups(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:1.The expression level of RORγt in periodontal tissues can reflect the severity of periodontitis.2.Foxp3 as a specific transcription factor of Treg cells and its related cytokines can inhibit the development of periodontal inflammation.3.The imbalance of Th17 and Treg cells appears with the development of periodontitis.