回归本真时间:幼儿园时间生活的哲学反思及其启示

Returning to Authentic Time:Philosophical Reflections on theTime Life in Kindergartens and Its Enlightenment

幼儿园作为幼儿主要的生活时空,其时间生活是影响师幼活动质量和活动体验的重要维度,时间亦是幼儿生命成长的空间。处于生长发育阶段的幼儿需要依据其内在的生命节律和生长需要,筹划时间生活,体验生活的意义,实现身心的健康发展。然而长期以来,幼儿园的时间生活主要以外在时间制度为主导,存在时间的规训化、活动时间的外在化和原子化等问题。回归生命的本真时间要从时间的存在论意义出发,坚持以儿童生活的自然节奏和活动需要为依据,以游戏为幼儿的基本活动,关注儿童的时间筹划和时间体验,平衡内—外时间生活,树立幼儿园时间生活筹划的多元主体意识,赋予师幼在时间生活建构中的自主权,实施真正符合儿童存在特性的弹性时间。

Kindergartens,as the main living space for children,their time life is essential to affecting the quality and experience of teacher-child activities.From this perspective,time is also the space for children's life growth.Children in the growth and development stage need to plan their time life in accordance with their inherent life rhythm and growth needs,experience the meaning of life,and achieve sound development both physically and mentally.However,the time life in kindergartens has long been dominated by the external time system.Problems are existing such as the disciplined time,the externalization and atomization of activity time.Returning to the authentic time of life should start from the ontological meaning of time,adhere to the natural rhythm of children's life and activity needs,take games as the basic activities of children,pay attention to children's time planning and time experience,and balance internal and external time.In addition,we should establish a pluralistic subject consciousness in kindergartens'time life planning,give teachers and children autonomous rights in the construction of time life,and adopt flexible time that is truly in line with children's existence features.