托育机构保育人员专业素养水平、类型及影响因素——来自全国12省份的调研数据

Levels,Types and Influencing Factors of the Professional Competence of Caregivers in Childcare Institutions——Data from 12 Provinces in China

提升托育机构保育人员专业素养是实现托育服务高质量发展的重要途径。对12省份4652名保育人员专业素养进行调查,结果发现:保育人员专业素养整体处于中等水平,各素养发展不均衡;保育人员专业素养可分为风险型、中等型、良好型和优秀型四类,其中风险型和中等型占比超三成;个体、班级、园所因素是影响保育人员专业素养的重要因素。建议:进一步强化各维度素养培育,主动识别风险型和中等型保育人员;关注年轻和低学历保育人员,提升其专业素养,完善保育人员准入制度;精准把握不同月龄班特征,着力改善小月龄班保育人员专业素养;减轻保育人员工作负担并增加其职业成长机会,构建保育人员专业素养长效提升机制。

Improving the professional competence of caregivers in childcare institutions is an important way to achieve high-quality development of childcare services.A survey was conducted on the professional competence of 4652 caregivers in 12 provinces.The results showed that their overall professional competence was at a moderate level,with uneven development of various competence.Generally,caregivers'professional competence can be divided into four types:risk,moderate,good,and excellent,with the risk and moderate types accounting for over 30%.Individual,class,and kindergarten variables are the major factors that affect caregivers'professional competence.Therefore,we should strengthen the cultivation of competence in various dimensions,actively identify high-risk and moderate caregivers,help young and lower education background caregivers to enhance their professional competence,analyze the needs of different month-aged classes and accordingly lift caregivers'professional competence of childcare personnel,and reduce their workload with more career development opportunities,so as to establish a long-term mechanism for improving the professional competence of caregivers.