粮食作物生产装备应用现状与发展趋势

Application status and development trend of mechanized equipment for grain crop production

粮食安全是国家安全的基石,保障国家粮食安全离不开农机装备的支撑。对我国粮食作物生产装备的应用现状进行综述,研究当前粮食生产中耕整地、种植、植保、收获、秸秆处理、烘干等环节的机械化水平及应用范围,分析粮食作物生产各环节装备的发展现状,并对装备技术发展趋势进行展望。针对当前装备技术水平与质量可靠性不高、装备发展区域不平衡现象突出、高端智能农机供给不足等问题,提出加快创新能力建设、推动短板弱项攻关、加强应用示范推广、提升应用主体水平等建议,旨在为促进我国粮食作物生产装备技术进步和转型升级提供借鉴和参考。

Food security is the cornerstone of national security,ensuring national food security relies on the support of agricultural machinery and equipment.This paper introduces the application status of grain crop production equipment,studies the current mechanization level and application range of grain production in the field preparation,planting,plant protection,harvesting,straw treatment,drying and other links,analyzes the development status of different grain crop production equipment in each link,and prospects the development trend of equipment.In view of the current equipment technology level and quality reliability is not high,the regional imbalance of equipment development is prominent,high‑end intelligent agricultural machinery supply shortage and other problems.Suggestions have been put forward to accelerate the construction of innovation capabilities,promote the tackling of weaknesses and shortcomings,strengthen application demonstration and promotion,and improve the level of application entities,aiming to provide reference for promoting the technological progress and transformation and upgrading of China's food crop production equipment.