摩崖书法景观营建特征、感知体验与保护传承研究进展

Research Progress on the Construction Features,Perceptual Experience,Protection and Inheritance of Cliff Calligraphy Landscape

摩崖书法景观作为刻在山崖、石壁上用于铭功、记事等的文字类摩崖石刻,是自然环境与人文艺术完美融合的杰出范例。理清摩崖书法景观已有的研究进展及发展趋势,是书法文化创造性转化与创新性发展的理论支持之一。基于中国知网和Web of Science的文献数据,以“书法景观”“摩崖书法景观”“摩崖石刻”为主题,结合CiteS pace对现有文献进行分析,相关研究进展主要有:(1)在概念内涵上,摩崖书法景观因其在营建上的特殊性和审美感知上的差异性,已逐步成为独立的研究对象和研究领域;(2)在研究内容上,摩崖书法景观已从书法文本解读、书法艺术鉴赏等,向空间择址、景观组织、镌刻形式等营建经验以及空间限定下游客主体感知等主题拓展;(3)在保护传承上,摩崖书法景观的保护范围扩大到周边整体环境、人文和自然因素协同作用的组织序列及观赏细节设计,为保护传承摩崖书法景观这一独特文化遗产提供了重要的经验支持。据此,提出对摩崖书法景观后续传承营建的三点建议:(1)在注重摩崖地貌空间差异的基础上建立摩崖书法景观空间分类标准;(2)通过空间布局和书法特性提升游客感知;(3)总结摩崖书法景观多类型的营建经验,旨在推进摩崖书法景观传承营建的理论发展。

Cliff Calligraphy Landscape is an outstanding example of the perfect integration of the natural environment and humanistic art.The textual cliff carvings engraved on cliffs and stone walls inscribe merit and remember events.It is one of the theoretical supports for the creative transformation and innovative development of calligraphic culture to clarify the research progress and development trend of cliff calligraphic landscape.Based on the literature data of China Knowledge Network and Web of Science,we analyzed the existing literature with the theme of“Calligraphic Landscape”“Cliff Calligraphic Landscape”“Cliff Rock Carving”.Using CiteSpace to analyze the existing literature,the main progress of related research are:(1)In the conceptual connotation,because of its unique construction and aesthetic perception of the differences in the cliff calligraphy landscape has gradually become an independent research object and research fi eld;(2)In the content of the study,the cliff calligraphy landscape has been from the interpretation of the calligraphy text,the appreciation of the art of calligraphy to the spatial siting,landscape organization,engraving form,and other construction experience and spatial limitations.The research content has expanded from the interpretation of calligraphy text,appreciation of calligraphy art,etc.,to spatial siting,landscape organization,engraving form,etc.,as well as the theme of visitors’subjective perception under the spatial limitation;(3)In terms of protection and inheritance,the scope of protection of cliff calligraphy landscape has been expanded to the surrounding environment as a whole.The synergistic effect of the humanities and natural factors in organizing the sequences and designing ornamental details has provided essential empirical support to the protection of the cliff calligraphy landscape,a unique cultural heritage.Accordingly,three suggestions for the subsequent heritage construction of cliff calligraphy landscape are proposed:fi rst,to establish the spatial classifi cation standard of cliff calligraphy landscape based on focusing on the spatial difference of cliff geomorphology;second,to enhance the perception of tourists through the spatial layout and calligraphic characteristics,and third,to summarize the experience of the construction of multiple types of cliff calligraphy landscape to advance the theoretical development of the heritage construction of the cliff calligraphy landscape.