鄱阳湖流域地下水埋深时空分布特征

Spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of groundwater depth in Poyang lake basin

近年来干旱事件频发,在许多地区日益缺水的背景下,地下水的合理开发利用与妥善管理成为迫切需求。基于2018-2022年鄱阳湖流域逐日地下水位,采用聚类分析、克里金空间插值、重心迁移等方法对流域不同时间尺度下地下水埋深时空分布特征进行分析。结果表明:鄱阳湖流域地下水埋深多年变化呈现平稳型、“V”型和“N”型三种模式,受2019年、2022年干旱影响,流域中部地区出现短时间内地下水埋深迅速增大的情况。鄱阳湖流域地下水埋藏空间分布特征为中心深四周浅,地下水埋深由内向外逐渐减小,汛期地下水埋藏明显较非汛期浅,且地下水埋深中心向东北方向迁移。研究成果可为保障鄱阳湖流域水安全及可持续发展提供重要科学参考。

In recent years,drought events have become more frequent.Against the backdrop of increasing water scarcity in many regions,the rational exploitation and proper management of groundwater have become an urgent necessity.Based on the daily groundwater level data from the Poyang lake basin in 2018-2022,this study employed cluster analysis,Kriging spatial interpolation,and centroid migration methods to analyze the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of groundwater depth at different temporal scales in the basin.The results indicated that the groundwater depth in the Poyang lake basin showed three patterns over multiple years:stable,"V-shaped,"and"N-shaped."Affected by the droughts of 2019 and 2022,the central region of the basin experienced a rapid increase in groundwater depth within a short period.The spatial distribution of groundwater depth was characterized by being deeper in the center and shallower around the edges,gradually decreasing from the inside outward.During the flood season,the groundwater depth was noticeably shallower than in the non-flood season,and the center of groundwater depth shifted toward the northeast.These findings can provide critical scientific references for ensuring water security and sustainable development in the Poyang lake basin.