熨烫处理对3D打印成型件表面特性的影响

Effect of ironing treatment on surface properties of 3D printed molded parts

为了有效提高3D打印成型件的表面质量和美观度,通过熔融沉积成型(FDM)3D打印机挤出头对成型件表面进行熨烫处理,采用表面粗糙度测试、光泽度测试、颜色属性测试评价了熨烫处理对FDM成型件表面特性的影响。粗糙度测试结果表明,熨烫处理后FDM成型件的轮廓算术平均偏差Ra和轮廓最大高度Rz平均值分别降低了46.18%和37.36%;光泽度测试结果表明,熨烫处理后FDM成型件在20°,60°,85°入射角下的光泽度平均值分别提高了45.65%,31.63%,20.34%;颜色属性测试结果表明,熨烫处理后FDM成型件的色相H平均值基本保持不变,明度L*、彩度C*平均值分别增大了7.25%和6.14%。对比工业显微镜拍摄的细节放大图可见,与熨烫处理前较粗的表面纹理相比,熨烫处理后FDM成型件的表面纹理更加细密,质感更显光滑,其表面的凸起物得到有效去除,“缺陷”基本消失,光泽度有所提升,颜色显得更加明亮、鲜艳。因此,熨烫处理可以有效改善FDM成型件的表面特性,具有较高的应用推广价值。

In order to effectively improve the surface quality and aesthetics of 3D printed molded parts,the surface of the molded parts was ironed by the extrusion head of a fused deposition modeling(FDM)3D printer,and the effects of the ironing treat-ment on the surface properties of the FDM molded parts were evaluated by using surface roughness test,glossiness test,and color property test.After ironing treatment,the results of surface roughness test show that the average values of the arithmetic mean devia-tion of contour Ra and maximum height of contour Rz of the FDM molded parts are reduced by 46.18%and 37.36%,respectively;the results of glossiness test show that the average values of glossiness of the FDM molded parts are increased by 45.65%,31.63%,and 20.34%,respectively,under the incidence angles of 20°,60°,and 85°;the results of color property test show that,after ironing treat-ment,the average value of hue H of the FDM molded parts remains basically unchanged,and the average values of brightness L*and chroma C*are increased by 7.25%and 6.14%respectively.As seen from the detailed enlarged view captured by industrial microscopes,compared with the coarse surface texture before ironing treatment,the surface texture of the FDM molded parts after ironing treatment is finer and smoother,the protuberance on the surface are effectively removed,the"defects"basically disappear,the gloss is improved,and the color looks brighter and more vivid.Therefore,ironing treatment can effectively improve the surface properties of the FDM molded parts,which has high application and promotion value.