当前农产品碳标识实施困境及推广路径探讨

Challenges and countermeasures in implementing carbon labeling for agricultural products

实施农产品碳标识能够促进农业领域精准高效降碳,支持农业生态价值实现,创新农业收入模式,提升国内外市场竞争力。在中国,农产品碳标识的实施探索起步较晚,政府顶层指导不足,有必要加快实施进程。本研究着重分析了农产品碳标识在实施过程中存在的困境。一方面,农产品碳足迹核算能力薄弱,核算标准未健全,数据基础单薄,导致核算结果不完整和不一致,可比性也很低。另一方面,农产品碳标识实施驱动力不足,农业生产者认知、能力及动力有限,消费者的支付意愿不强,相关标准、制度未建立健全,导致核算和认证结果的可信度都有限,资金等要素保障也尚未落实。农产品碳标识应用推广的主要路径包括:①从加快制定核算标准,夯实数据基础,推动标准、数据、结果等的全方面国际互认等,提升碳足迹核算能力;②建立健全碳标识相关制度,包括认证制度及要素支持相关制度;③从开发绿色消费场景、提供技术支持等方面,加大碳标识推广力度。图2表1参45.

The implementation of carbon labeling for agricultural products can promote precise and efficient carbon reduction in agricultural sector,support the realization of agricultural ecological value,innovate agricultural income models,and enhance domestic and international market competitiveness.China started late in this respect compared with foreign countries,with insufficient guidance from the top,and it was necessary to accelerate the implementation process.Difficulties existing in the implementation process of carbon labeling for agricultural products were analyzed.On the one hand,the carbon footprint accounting capacity for agricultural products was weak.Due to incomplete accounting standards and the weak data base,the accounting results were incomplete and inconsistent and comparability was low.On the other hand,there was insufficient driving force for the implementation of carbon labeling for agricultural products.Factors such as limited awareness,ability,and motivation of agricultural producers,weak willingness of consumers to pay,and lack of established standards and systems all contributed to limited credibility of accounting and certification results,and funding and other elements of security were not guaranteed.The main paths for promoting the application of carbon labeling for agricultural products were discussed,such as speeding up the development of accounting standards,consolidating the data base,promoting international mutual recognition of standards,data,and results,so as to enhance the capacity of carbon footprint accounting.Then,sound carbon labeling system should be established,including certification system and factor support system.Finally,the promotion of carbon labeling should be intensified by developing green consumption scenarios and providing technical support.[Ch,2 fig.1 tab.45 ref.]