授权改革试点明确性原则的反思与重构

Reflection and Reconstruction of the Principle of Clarity in the Authorizaed Pilot Reform

授权改革试点作为全国人大及其常委会的一种授权类型,理应遵循授权明确性原则。目前,存在照搬一般明确性原则的误区,忽视了授权改革试点作为一项独特授权的特殊性。授权改革试点所遵循的明确性原则,须在授权目的、授权内容、授权范围三要素要求的基础上,根据自身的独特性进一步展开。授权改革试点包括授权暂时调整法律适用和授权试点工作两种类型,二者应对授权目的、对象、期限、地域和请示报告义务进行细化规定。授权范围的明确程度应根据不同类型而有所不同,前者应明确调整的具体法律条款和调整内容,后者应以授权内容的重要性程度作出宽严相济的授权范围规定,以协调改革与法治的内在矛盾。

As a type of authorization for the NPC and the NPC Standing Committee,the authorized pilot reform should follow the principle of clarity of authorization.At present,there is a misunderstanding of copying the principle of general clarity,ignoring the particularity of the authorized pilot reform as a unique authorization.The principle of clarity that should be followed in the pilot of authorized reform must be further developed according to its own uniqueness on the basis of the requirements of the three elements of authorization:the purpose of authorization,the content of authorization,and the scope of authorization.The authorized pilot reform includes two types:the authorization to temporarily adjust the application of law and the authorization of the pilot work,which should be jointly necessary to specify the purpose,object,duration,region,and reporting obligations for instructions.In addition,the degree of clarity of the scope of authorization should vary according to different types,the former should clarify the specific legal provisions and content of the adjustment,while the latter should make lenient and strict provisions on the scope of authorization according to the importance of the content of the authorization,so as to reconcile the inherent contradiction between reform and the rule of law.