太行山坡地植物篱种植对土壤水肥的短期影响

Short-term effects of hedgerow planting on soil water and fertilizer in Taihang Mountain slopes

为探讨生物措施对人工林坡地土壤环境改善效果,在太行山东麓典型坡地布设枸杞、欧李、连翘、金银花、薄荷5种植物篱,并以平行位置的空白裸地为对照,分析不同植物篱及篱带位置对表层土壤水肥的影响。结果表明:1)与土壤水分相关指标中,不同植物篱带上、带中位置土壤自然含水量较空白对照提高了14.55%~62.69%,土壤总孔隙度基本高于空白对照,且不同植物篱间差异显著(P<0.05),植物篱土壤容重明显降低,且其带上、带中位置土壤黏粒含量较空白对照降低了1.25%~18.56%。2)与土壤肥力相关指标中,不同植物篱土壤有机碳含量较空白对照提高了8.93%~64.00%,土壤碳氮比明显高于空白对照,土壤pH、电导率、全氮含量多低于空白对照,且不同植物篱间差异显著(P<0.05)。3)各植物篱土壤水肥指标之间相关性显著,土壤全氮含量与电导率、自然含水量之间分别呈显著正相关和负相关(P<0.05);土壤有机碳含量与粉粒含量之间呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与总孔隙度、砂粒含量之间呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。4)不同植物篱对土壤水肥影响能力综合得分:金银花(1.970)>薄荷(1.677)>欧李(1.670)>枸杞(1.655)>连翘(1.643)>空白对照(1.527)。5种植物篱短期内均有保持土壤水分和调节土壤肥力能力,其中金银花土壤水肥调节效果最好,可用于修复水土流失较严重的太行山坡地。

To explore the effects of biological measures on improving the soil environment of artificial forest slopes,five hedgerows of Lycium chinense Miller,Prunus humilis Bunge,Forsythia suspensa(Thunb.)Vahl,Lonicera japonica Thunb.,and Mentha canadensis Linnaeus were set up on typical slopes in the eastern foothills of Taihang Mountains,with blank bare ground in a parallel position taken as the control.The effects of different hedgerows and their belts on surface soil water and fertilizer were analyzed.The results showed that:(1)Among the indicators related to soil water,the natural water content of soil in the upper and middle positions of different hedgerow belts increased by 14.55%to 62.69%,compared with the blank control group.The total soil porosity was higher than that of the blank control group,and the differences between different hedgerows were significant(P<0.05).The soil bulk density of hedgerows decreased significantly compared with the blank control group,and the content of soil clay particles in the upper and middle positions of the belt decreased by 1.25%to 18.56%compared with the blank control group.(2)Among the indicators related to soil fertilizer,the soil organic carbon content of different hedgerows increased by 8.93%to 64.00%compared with the blank control group.The soil carbon-to-nitrogen ratio was significantly higher than that of the blank control group,while the soil pH,conductivity,and total nitrogen content were mainly lower than that of the blank control group.The differences between different hedgerows were significant(P<0.05).(3)The correlation between soil water and fertilizer indicators of each hedgerow was significant,with significant positive and negative correlations observed between soil total nitrogen and electrical conductivity and natural water content,respectively(P<0.05).There were significant positive correlations between soil organic carbon and powder grains(P<0.05),and significant negative correlations between soil organic carbon and total porosity and sand grains(P<0.05).(4)Comprehensive scores of effects on soil water and fertilizer of different hedgerows were as follows:Lonicera japonica Thunb.(1.970)>Mentha canadensis Linnaeus(1.677)>Prunus humilis Bunge(1.670)>Lycium chinense Miller(1.655)>Forsythia suspensa(Thunb.)Vahl(1.643)>blank control group(1.527).All five hedgerows could maintain soil moisture and regulate soil fertilizer in the short term.Lonicera japonica Thunb.exhibited the best soil water and fertilizer regulation effect and could be used to rehabilitate Taihang Mountain slopes with more severe soil erosion.