喜马拉雅民族走廊中的人与生态交互共进——以夏尔巴人研究为例

Interactive Dynamics of Human and Ecological Systems in the Himalayan Ethnic Corridor:A Case Study of the Sherpa People

习近平总书记的西藏治理方略格外重视稳中求进、贯彻新发展理念及稳边、兴边、固边和强边战略思想。加强喜马拉雅山区夏尔巴人研究,对落实此方略十分重要。已有夏尔巴人研究主要聚焦在五个方面。一是体质适应生态及其哲理更新,二是族源呈现和谐互动相处之道,三是生计与绿色经济可持续发展,四是社会结合机理及其治理导向,五是文化艺术传承创新与现代化。但是我国的相关研究还很薄弱,在突破人与自然无法二分的哲理方面还有较大的理论潜力可发掘,亟待从尝试辨析出其清晰的族源转向聚焦人群互动、和谐相处,对其生计方式朝向绿色经济可持续发展的研究亟待加强,在加强社会治理现代化的议题上研究力度不够,在利用夏尔巴人非物质文化遗产助推西藏边境高质量发展和让世界了解丰富多彩的中华文化方面也有待继续发力。今后,需适当调整研究议题,在方法上有必要进行人文社会科学与自然科学相结合,在理论研究取得长足进步的同时,也有助于稳边、兴边、固边和强边。

Previous studies on the Sherpa people have mainly focused on the following five aspects:One is their physical adaptation to their ecological surroundings and the philosophical implications thereof.From the perspective of physical anthropology,the distinctive physical characteristics developed by the Sherpas in response to their special ecological environments have profound theoretical significance,highlighting the inseparable evolutionary link between humans and the natural environment.This area warrants further exploration.Secondly,research has examined the Sherpas'cultural lineage and their co-existence with diverse ethnic groups.According to current research,neither the humanities nor natural sciences have been able to accurately trace the origins of the Sherpa people,indicating their likely emergence through complex interactions among various cultural groups.Thirdly,attention has been directed towards the Sherpas'livelihood and strategies and their role in fostering sustainable development within the green economy.Based on existing research,there appears to be a need to deeply understand the important role of Sherpas within the entire regional ecosystem,harnessing their indigenous knowledge of adapting to the environment,and to explore viable pathways for them to make new contributions to the protection of ecological security in the Himalayas.Fourthly,studies have explored mechanisms of social integration and its governance orientation among the Sherpa community.Significant progress has been made in the study of the kinship system based on childbirth,which has laid a solid foundation for us to further explore the social cohesion mechanism of the Sherpa people.However,ongoing societal transformations also present new challenges to Sherpa society,such as emerging non-traditional security concerns.Therefore,it is necessary to increase timely efforts in future social research on Sherpa people on the topic of modernizing social governance.In fifth place,scholarly efforts have been focusing on the preservation,innovation,and modernization of Sherpa cultural and artistic heritage.This attaching importance to the intangible cultural heritage of Sherpas has shown to be a promising research direction as it seems to offer promising avenues for promoting high-quality development of border areas of the Xizang region.What is more,there are still some areas in current research that warrant further academic attention:Firstly,there seemingly is significant theoretical potential to be explored in re-examining the philosophy that humans and nature are inseparable.Secondly,it looks to be quite necessary to pay attention to the interaction and harmonious coexistence of the Sherpa people in the Himalayan ethnic corridor.It is urgent to shift from merely delineating ethnic origins to focusing on positive intercultural exchanges.Thirdly,it is considered urgent to strengthen research efforts on promoting sustainable development practices steering their livelihoods towards a green economy model.Fourthly,there is an apparent serious lack of research on modernizing social governance systems in the context of Sherpa communities.Fifthly,the utilization of Sherpa intangible cultural heritage to boost high-quality development in the Xizang border area and showcase high Chinese culture globally ostensibly remains underexplored.This study views it as necessary to adjust research topics by integrating methodologies from humanities,social sciences,and natural sciences.Moreover,the Sherpa people should be placed in the perspective of the Ethnic Corridor theory in methodology as to more easily explore further positive interaction and harmonious coexistence,and achieve common prosperity.Finally,in particular for the study of Sherpa people in China,while significant progress has been made in theoretical research,advancing theoretical insights may also contribute to stabilizing,revitalizing,consolidating,and strengthening the border.