科尔沁-浑善达克沙地2000—2020年土地沙化时空变化格局

Spatiotemporal variation patterns of land desertification from 2000 to 2020 in the Horqin-Otindag Sandy Land

科尔沁-浑善达克沙地是中国的土地沙化严重地区,开展土地沙化时空变化格局研究是科学开展防沙治沙工作的重要基础。基于2000—2020年MOD13Q1 NDVI数据、气象数据、社会经济数据等,以植被覆盖度作为土地沙化程度的主要表征指标,采用Sen+Mann-Kendall趋势分析、条带分析和地理探测器等方法,揭示科尔沁-浑善达克沙地2000—2020年土地沙化时空变化格局和主要驱动因素。结果表明:(1)科尔沁-浑善达克沙地土地沙化程度呈西重东轻的分布格局,科尔沁沙地和浑善达克沙地相接处一直存在沙化现象。(2)2000—2020年,科尔沁-浑善达克沙地土地沙化呈现显著逆转趋势,沙化逆转区域面积占研究区总面积的73.59%,主要分布在浑善达克沙地中东部和科尔沁沙地东南部;沙化呈现加剧趋势的面积占比为11.17%,呈零星分布状态。(3)降水量和人口密度是影响科尔沁-浑善达克沙地2000—2020年土地沙化空间格局的主导因子;所有因子的交互作用均呈双变量增强,降水量与土壤类型的交互作用影响最大。建议在科学评估区域资源环境承载力的前提下加强跨区域的合作与协调,加大对浑善达克沙地的治理力度,优化科尔沁沙地产业结构,推动生态与经济协调发展,促进山水林田湖草沙一体化保护和系统治理。

The Horqin-Otindag Sandy Land is one of the areas with the most severe land desertification in China.Understanding spatiotemporal patterns of land desertification is an important foundation for scientific desertification control.The study took the Horqin-Otindag Sandy Land as the study area.Based on the MOD13Q1 NDVI data,meteorological data,socio-economic data,the spatiotemporal patterns of land desertification and their driving factors were revealed from 2000 to 2020 using Sen+Mann Kendall trend analysis,strip analysis,geographical detectors and other methods.The results showed that:(1)The land desertification intensity was much more serious in the west than that in the east.Slight desertification appeared in the junction of the Horqin Sandy Land and the Otindag Sandy Land.(2)From 2000 to 2020,land desertification in the study area showed a significant reversal trend in general.The desertification reversed area accounted for 73.59%of the total study area,which mainly distributed in the middle east of Otindag Sandy Land and the southeast of Horqin Sandy Land.The desertification area with deterioration trend accounted for 11.17%,which was scattered in the study area.(3)The annual precipitation and population density are the dominant factors affecting the spatial pattern of land desertification during the study period.The interaction of all factors shows bivariate enhancement,among which the precipitation and soil type interaction most obvious.We suggested to strengthen cross regional cooperation and coordination under the premise of scientific assessment of regional resource and environment carrying capacity,strengthen the governance of Otindag Sandy Land,optimize the industrial structure of Horqin Sandy Land,promote the coordinated development of ecology and economy,and promote the integrated protection and systematic governance of mountains,rivers,forests,fields,lakes,grass and sand.This study could provide a theoretical basis for the ecological restoration and sustainable utilization of desertified land in the study area.