民国时期“国术救国”的话语构建及演进逻辑——以《中央国术馆馆刊》史料文本为中心的考察

Discourse Construction and Evolution Logic of“Saving the Country through National Martial Arts”in the Period of the Republic of China——An Investigation Centered on the Historical Materials from the Journal of the Central Chinese National Martial Arts Museum

民国时期,中央国术馆以《中央国术馆馆刊》为舆论阵地构建了“国术救国”的时代话语体系。运用文献资料、逻辑分析和史学考证等方法,对《中央国术馆馆刊》的史料文本进行分析,力图探究该时期“国术救国”话语体系何以构建及以何逻辑不断演进。在构建路径上,研究发现:馆刊利用宗旨阐明与内容指引明确了“国术救国”的话语导向;借助名人造势与热点渲染强化了“国术救国”的话语表达;最后通过理论建设与行动探索展开“国术救国”的话语实践并成功形塑起“国术救国”的话语体系。进一步探究民国时期“国术救国”话语的演进逻辑,认为:从国家层面看是出于危机压迫下对公民身体的政治征用;从民族层面看是由于思潮冲击下民族自信的文化坚守;从社会层面看则是时代推进下由德而力的势能释放。国家、民族、社会的三重因素是“国术救国”话语演进的逻辑起点和历史起点。

During the period of the Republic of China,the Central Chinese Martial Arts Museum constructed the discourse system of“saving the country through national martial arts”with the Journal of the Central Chinese National Martial Arts Museum as the carrier.Using the methods of literature,logical analysis and historical textual research,this paper analyzes the historical materials from the Journal of the Central Chinese National Martial Arts Museum,and tries to explore how the discourse system of“saving the country through national martial arts”was constructed and how the logic evolved in this period.The study found that the construction methods used by the journal mainly includes:making use of Purpose Statement and Content Guidelines to clarify the discourse orientation of“saving the country through national martial arts”;making use of celebrities and hot spots to strengthen the discourse expression of“saving the country through national martial arts”;finally,making use of theoretical construction and action exploration to carry out the discourse practice of“saving the country through national martial arts”,and successfully form the discourse system of“saving the country through national martial arts”.This paper further explores the evolution logic of the discourse of“saving the country through national martial arts”in the period of the Republic of China,and holds that:from the national perspective,it is the political expropriation of citizens'bodies under the oppression of crisis;from the national perspective,it is the cultural persistence of national self-confidence under the impact of ideological trend;on the social perspective,it is the release of potential energy driven by virtue and force under the promotion of the times.The triple factors of state,nation and society are the logical and historical starting point of the evolution of the discourse of“saving the country through national martial arts”.