美国遏制中国应用程序的策略及其影响

U.S.Strategy to Contain Chinese Apps and Its Impact

中国应用程序近年来在美国市场迅猛发展,同时也在该国引发诸多争议。自特朗普执政以来,美国基于“国家安全关切”对在美运营的中国应用程序开展评估,并推动一系列限制性措施。具体而言,美国遏制中国应用程序的策略围绕“政策限制”“法律规制”“舆论抵制”的主线展开,是美国以“全政府”“全社会”组织模式诉诸对华战略竞争的集中体现。美国系统性遏制中国应用程序的背后,存在科技竞争、资源竞争、经济竞争与叙事竞争四种相互关联的逻辑。美国遏制中国应用程序是美国对华“科技战”的重要一环,此举不仅在美国国内引发了广泛争议,导致中美关系“过度安全化”,同时也进一步加剧了全球数据流动的碎片化态势。

Chinese mobile applications have experienced rapid growth in the U.S.market in recent years,while also sparking numerous controversies.Since Donald Trump took office,the U.S.has conducted evaluations of Chinese apps operating in America,citing“national security concerns”,and has implemented a series of restrictions.Specifically,the U.S.strategy to contain Chinese apps revolves around three main pillars:“policy restrictions”,“legal regulations”,and“public rejections”.This strategy epitomizes America's strategic competition against China based on the“whole of government”and“whole of society”approaches.The underlying rationale for the systematic efforts to restrict the influence of Chinese apps is rooted in four interrelated logics:technological competition,resource competition,economic competition,and narrative competition.The U.S.containment of Chinese apps is a key component of its broader“technology war”against China.These actions have not only sparked widespread controversy within the U.S.and contributed to the“over-securitization”of China-U.S.relations,but also further exacerbated the fragmentation of global data flows.