微生物组及其代谢物调控神经胶质瘤的研究进展

Research progress of microbiome and its metabolites regulating brain glioma

神经胶质瘤是最常见的脑肿瘤,占恶性脑肿瘤的80%,其中多形性胶质母细胞瘤是最具侵袭性的神经胶质瘤类型,是全球难治性肿瘤之一。目前胶质母细胞瘤的主要治疗手段是手术,而手术不良反应大,易复发,且生存率不高。因此寻求更多潜在生物标志物,提高生存率仍是神经胶质瘤研究的重要挑战。越来越多的证据表明,瘤内微生物组及肠道微生物组对神经胶质瘤的进展和治疗有重要影响,且特定微生物群与肿瘤进展的不同阶段有关。与此同时,微生物代谢物与中枢神经系统之间的相互作用及机制受到广泛关注。然而,微生物组、代谢物与神经胶质瘤之间的相关性仍不明确。本文综述了目前与神经胶质瘤相关微生物组的研究进展,重点介绍了瘤内微生物组、肠道微生物组及其代谢物,如氨基酸(包括色氨酸、精氨酸、谷氨酸)、短链脂肪酸、神经递质类物质等,与神经胶质瘤之间的关系。并简要概述了益生菌对神经胶质瘤的改善作用。本综述为基于微生物组提早预测及治疗神经胶质瘤提供相关依据。

Gliomas are the most common brain tumors,accounting for 80%of malignant brain tumors,of which glioblastoma multiforme is the most aggressive type of glioma and is one of the refractory tumors in the world.At present,the main treatment for glioblastoma is surgery,which has great side effects,easy recurrence and low survival rate.Therefore,seeking more potential biomarkers and improving survival rate remain important challenges in glioma research.There is growing evidence that the intratumoral and gut microbiome play an important role in glioma progression and treatment response,and that specific microbiome is associated with different stages of tumor progression.In the meantime,the interactions and mechanisms between the metabolites and the central nervous system have received extensive attention.However,the correlation between the microbiome,metabolites,and glioma remains unclear.This review focuses on the relationship between the glioma,intratumoral microbiome,intestinal microbiome and their metabolites,such as amino acids(including tryptophan,arginine,glutamate),short-chain fatty acids,neurotransmitters.And the improvement effect of probiotics on glioma was summarized,so as to provide relevant basis for early prediction and treatment of glioma based on the microbiome.