耕地“非农化”与“非粮化”空间格局特征及对策研究——以滇中城市群为例

Research on the spatial pattern characteristics and countermeasures of“non-agricultural”and“non-grain”cultivated land——A case study of central Yunnan urban agglomeration

基于GIS技术对云南省滇中城市群2000年、2010年和2020年3个时期的土地利用数据进行研究,引入耕地“非农化”与“非粮化”速度模型、标准差椭圆模型、重心模型和空间自相关模型,定量揭示滇中城市群近20年耕地“非农化”与“非粮化”的空间分布与集聚特征,相应提出制止耕地“非农化”防止“非粮化”的对策措施。结果发现:①滇中地区各县市区的耕地“非农化”速率存在明显空间分异,中部地区变化速率最大,西北和北部地区变化较慢;②耕地“非粮化”速率在2000—2010年的空间差异性表现为离昆明市越远的地区耕地“非粮化”率越大,在2010—2020年各县市区耕地“非粮化”率主要处于2级和3级,分布较均衡;③研究期间耕地“非农化”与“非粮化”的重心和空间分布均向东北方向偏移;④耕地“非农化”与“非粮化”存在较强的空间集聚性,并且这种集聚性呈现增强的趋势。

Based on GIS technology,this paper studied the land use data of central Yunnan urban agglomeration in 2000,2010 and 2020,and introduced the“non-agricultural”and“non-grain”cultivated land speed model,standard deviation elliptical model,center of gravity model and spatial self-correlation model to quantitatively reveal the spatial distribution and agglomeration characteristics of“non-agricultural”and“non-grain”cultivated land in the central Yunnan urban agglomeration in the past 20 years,and proposed corresponding countermeasures to prevent“non-agricultural”and“non-grain”cultivated land.The results showed that:①There were significant spatial differences in the rate of“non-agricultural”cultivated land in various counties and cities in central Yunnan region.The rate of change was the largest in the central region,and the northwest and northern regions were slower.②The spatial difference in the rate of“non-grain”cultivated land from 2000 to 2010 was that the further away from Kunming City,the greater the rate of“non-grain”cultivated land.From 2010 to 2020,the rate of“non-grain”cultivated land in various counties and cities was mainly at level 2 and level 3,with a relatively balanced distribution.③During the research period,the center of gravity and spatial distribution of“non-agricultural”and“non-grain”cultivated land shifted towards the northeast direction.④There was a strong spatial agglomeration between the“non-agricultural”and“non-grain”cultivated land,and this agglomeration trend was increasing.