中文版挫败感量表在大学新生群体中的信度与效度检验

Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of defeat scale among freshmen in college

目的进一步研究中文版挫败感量表,检验该量表在大学新生中的信度和效度。研究挫败感对大学新生自杀倾向的影响预判。方法使用中文版挫败感量表、抑郁自评量表、人际需求问卷,自杀意念与自杀尝试调查问卷对某大学8808名新生进行评测。结果探索性因子分析显示,中文版挫败感量表可提取颓败感和低成就感2个因子,分别是13个题目、3个题目,每个项目的因子负荷值为0.596~0.859,累计方差贡献率为60.16%。验证性因子分析显示,两因子修正的模型拟合情况优良,拟合指数[χ^(2)/v=3.63,比较拟合指数(CFI)=0.935,近似误差均方根(RMSEA)=0.099],均达到测量学要求。中文版挫败感量表与抑郁自评量表、人际需求问卷分别呈正相关(r=0.659、0.660,P<0.001);16个题目的内部一致性系数为0.928,颓败感和低成就感的内部一致性系数分别为0.938和0.77,折半信度为0.903。以自杀意念作为因变量,挫败感得分为协变量,进行二元Logistic回归,结果显示:β值为0.115,P<0.001;比值比为1.121,95%CI(1.109,1.134),可认为挫败感与自杀意念呈正相关。受试者工作特征曲线下面积为0.841,95%CI(0.817,0.865),P<0.001;最大约登指数值为0.531,相对应的截断值为23.5,敏感度和特异度分别为79.4%和73.7%。结论中文版挫败量表在大学新生群体中具有良好的效度和信度。能够对该人群的自杀意念具有一定判断价值。

Objective To verify the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of defeat scale(DS)among freshmen in college and to explore its correlations with depression and suicidal.Methods With a cluster sampling,a total of 8808 freshmen from a college were measured with DS,the self-rating depression scale(SDS),Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire(INQ)and suicidal ideation and suicide attempt questionnaire.Results The exploratory factor analysis showed that two factors including sense of decadence(13 items)and low sense of achievement(3 items)could be extracted from DS.The factor loading values of each project ranged from 0.596 to 0.859,and the cumulative variance contribution rate of the scale was 60.16%.Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the two-factor correction model was obtained and fitted well(χ^(2)/v=3.63,CFI=0.935,RMSEA=0.099),all of them met the requirements of surveying.The DS score significantly correlated with SDS and INQ(r=0.659,0.660;P<0.001).Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient of 16 items was 0.928 and the Cronbach's alpha of two dimensi ons,namely"decadence"and"low achievement"were 0.938 and 0.77,and the Spearman-Brown coefficient was 0.903;Logistic regression showed that DS scores were positively associated with suicidal ideation among freshman.The results showed thatβvalue was 0.115,P<0.001.Odds ratio(OR)value was 1.121 and 95%CI was 1.109~1.134,indicating that defeat was positively associated with suicidal ideation.The area under the curve(AUC)was 0.841,P<0001.The maximum Youden index value was 0.531,its corresponding DS score was 23.5,and its sensitivity and specincity were 79.4%and 73.7%,respectively.Conclusions The DS performs well among freshmen on reliability and validity,and it is suitable as a measurement instrument to assess suicidal ideation in this population.Defeat is positively associated with suicidal and might play an important role in the mental health of freshmen of college.