国产FPGA通用以太网控制器的设计与实现

Design and Implementation of Domestic FPGA Universal Ethernet Controller

目前由于国际芯片供应链的不稳定性,我国在FPGA领域面临着重要的工程应用替代挑战,尤其是在人防工程领域,大规模的工程项目急需国产FPGA技术来满足需求.因此,本文针对实时通信领域,特别是物联网网关的以太网控制器应用,进行了国产化替代的研究.首先,在中科亿海微国产FPGA上,设计了基于流水线处理的兼容ARP、UDP、IP、ICMP等多种协议的UDP协议栈以及基于真双端口RAM和异步FIFO的兼容三速以太网的处理模块,实现了三速以太网控制器在国产FPGA上的部署及应用.并且考虑到国产FPGA现有的IP库不全的因素,本设计只采用了常用的FIFO和RAM的IP进行设计,方便了后续移植到其他国产FPGA上的需求.最后,本设计对部分模块进行了仿真测试,仿真测试表明,该控制器可以实现UDP协议传输、主动ARP、被动ARP、ARP表查询、ping、多协议优先级仲裁等功能,足够满足物联网网关中以太网控制器的使用需求.

Currently,due to the instability of the international chip supply chain,our country is facing significant engineering application substitution challenges in the FPGA field.Particularly in civil air defense engineering,numerous projects urgently require domestic FPGA technology to meet demand.Therefore,this paper conducts research on localized substitution in the field of real-time communications,with a specific focus on the application of Ethernet controllers for Internet of Things gateways.In the design,on the domestically produced FPGA by eHiWAY,a UDP protocol stack based on pipelined processing is included.It is compatible with various protocols such as ARP,UDP,IP,and ICMP.Additionally,a processing module for three-speed Ethernet compatibility,based on true dual-port RAM and asynchronous FIFO,is integrated.This design successfully achieves the deployment and application of the three-speed Ethernet controller on domestic FPGA.Considering the incompleteness of the existing IP library for domestic FPGAs,this design exclusively utilizes commonly used FIFO and RAM IP for its design.This approach facilitates subsequent transplantation to other domestic FPGAs.Finally,simulation tests were conducted on specific modules,demonstrating that the controller can perform functions such as UDP protocol transmission,active ARP,passive ARP,ARP table queries,ping,and multi-protocol priority arbitration.These results indicate that the Ethernet controller adequately meets the requirements in IoT gateways.