1927—1937年间的铁路犯罪及治理——以运输毒品罪为中心的考察

Railway Crime and Governance in 1927-1937: An Investigation Centering on Drug Trafficking Crime

毒贩利用铁路运输毒品是铁路引入中国后出现的新型贩毒手段。在南京国民政府统治时期,借助铁路贩运毒品的群体包括职业毒贩与铁路职工、日韩浪人等。就运毒方法而言,毒贩通常使用随身携带毒货与铁路联运等多项手段运输烟毒。国民政府与铁路当局为在铁路运输业中开展禁运毒品工作,采取了颁布禁毒法规及严惩运毒者等措施,对于遏制烟毒流通起到了积极作用。但来自烟毒利益集团的抵制和执法力量腐败以及渎职等问题使国民政府整治运输毒品犯罪收效甚微,并终因日本发动全面侵华战争而失败。

Drug dealer make use of railway to transport drugs is a new drug trafficking method after the introduction of railway into China.During the rule of the Nanjing National Government,the groups that made use of the railway to traffic drugs included professional drug dealers and railway workers,and Japanese and Korean ronin.In terms of drug transport methods,drug dealer usually make use of a number of means,including carry-on drugs and railway transport,to transport opium and drugs.The national government and railway authorities have adopted several measures,such as promulgating anti-drug laws and punishing drug traf⁃fickers,to carry out the work of drug embargo in the railway transportation industry,which has played a positive role in curbing the circulation of opium and drugs.However,the resistance from the opium and drug interest groups and the corruption and dereliction of duty of the law enforcement force made the na⁃tional government achieve little effect in the rectification of the crime of drug transportation,and finally ended in failure in because Japan launched the full-scale invasion of China.