船舶无刷相复励同步发电机励磁系统设计

Phase-Compounding Excitation System Design for Marine Brushless Synchronous Generator

以船舶无刷相复励同步发电机为研究对象。首先,介绍了其工作原理与励磁特性,推导了相复励输出电流计算式;然后,针对发电机调节特性无法全补偿励磁装置输出特性的问题,设计了合适的励磁电流过补偿系数,通过与分流电阻独特的工作机制相配合来实现端口电压的稳定;其次,根据该设计方案给出了主要元件参数的计算方法,并建立仿真模型,在稳态和动态两种负载工况下进行仿真验证;最后,根据已有电机参数与所提设计方案制造了一台25 kVA试验样机,试验结果表明所设计的可控励磁系统能够通过控制分流电阻的通断调整励磁电流大小,随着负载的波动仍能实现端口电压的稳定。将计算和仿真结果与试验测量结果进行对比分析,计算误差小于1%,验证了推导计算式的有效性;仿真误差小于3.5%,表明模型能够较好地反映样机的稳态与动态特性,验证了过补偿设计方案的合理性。

This study focused on the brushless phase-compounding excitation synchronous generator for ships.First,the working principle and excitation characteristics of the generator were introduced,and the output current calculation formula for compound excitation was derived.Then,to address the issue of the generator’s regulation characteristics being unable to fully compensate for the excitation system’s output,an appropriate overcompensation coefficient for the excitation current was designed.The system stabilized the port voltage by coordinating with the unique working mechanism of the shunt resistor.Next,the calculation method for the main component parameters based on this design was provided,and a simulation model was established for verification under both steady-state and dynamic load conditions.Finally,a 25 kVA experimental prototype was manufactured based on the proposed design and the parameters of the existing machine.The test results showed that the designed controllable excitation system could adjust the excitation current by switching the shunt resistor,ensuring stable port voltage despite load fluctuations.A comparison of the calculation,simulation,and experimental results showed an error of less than 1%,confirming the validity of the derived formulas.The simulation error was less than 3.5%,demonstrating that the model effectively reflected both the steady-state and dynamic characteristics of the prototype,verifying the rationality of the overcompensation design.