文学阐释学:文化研究的挑战及其视域拓展

Literary Hermeneutics:Challenges and Scope Expansion in Cultural Studies

20世纪以来,众多新型理论观念纵横驰骋于文学阐释场域之中,持续制造了巨大的理论震荡。文化研究的崛起,不仅对文学阐释学构成了巨大的理论挑战,同时也为其发展赢得了开阔的阐释视野和强大的思想能量。文化研究的多元阐释观念和阐释方法同时也诱发出“过度阐释”“强制阐释”等问题。文化研究究竟是一种“强制阐释”,抑或是对阐释的有效拓展?显然,并不能将文化研究简单等同于“强制阐释”,辩证看待二者的关系意义重大。文化研究表明,强大的阐释能力对当代中国文学阐释学的理论更新和话语重构提供了有益的启示,展现出前所未有的活力。一方面,文化研究不仅推动了当代学界对文学阐释学的批判性反思;另一方面,文化研究促使我们将意义问题和文学阐释学置于更广阔的知识谱系中加以考察,进而推进当代中国文学阐释学的话语体系建设。

Since the 20th century,many new theoretical concepts have been broadly used in the field of literary interpretation,which has continuously created a huge theoretical shock.The rise of cultural studies has not only posed a great theoretical challenge to literary hermeneutics,but also won a broad interpretive vision and ideological energy for its development.The multiple interpretation concepts and methods of cultural studies have also induced the problems of"overinterpretation"and"forced interpretation".For example,is cultural studies a kind of"forced interpretation"or an effective extension of interpretation?Obviously,cultural studies cannot be simply equated with"forced interpretation",and it is of great significance to treat the relationship between them dialectically.Cultural studies shows that the strong interpretive ability has created beneficial enlightenment for the theoretical update and discourse reconstruction of contemporary Chinese literary hermeneutics,showing unprecedented vitality.On the one hand,cultural studies not only promotes the critical reflection of the contemporary academic circle on literary hermeneutics.On the other hand,cultural studies urges us to examine the problem of meaning and literary hermeneutics in a broader spectrum of knowledge,and then promotes the construction of the discourse system of contemporary Chinese literary hermeneutics.