云南景谷基地C3F烟叶质量特点与稳定性分析

Quality Characteristics and Stability Analysis of C3F Flue-Cured Tobacco Leaves in Jinggu Base of Yunnan

分析云南景谷基地中橘三(C3F)烟叶内、外在质量,掌握烟叶质量特点和稳定性,以期为提升基地高端原料生产提供技术支持。分别采集景谷基地永平镇、威远镇、勐班乡、半坡乡和碧安乡共5个有代表性乡镇2020—2022年C3F烟叶,通过对烟叶外观质量、物理特性、化学成分和感官质量分析,初步明确了景谷基地C3F烟叶主要特点。C3F烟叶表现为颜色橘黄,成熟度较好,叶片结构疏松,身份中等,有油分,色度强;叶长、叶宽和单叶质量等物理特性指标适中;化学成分呈现出高糖、低两糖比,氯和钾氯比年际间差异大;清香型风格特征明显。外观和感官质量综合得分逐年提升;除拉力外,物理特性各指标变异较小;除氯和钾氯比外,各化学成分变异不大;不同年度和区域样品间,质量稳定性较好。景谷基地应控制烟叶总糖含量、适当提高还原糖含量,有助于烟叶品质的提升,部分植烟区域应加强土壤和烟叶中氯的动态监测,在土壤和烟叶氯含量均偏低的区域,精准补氯,以稳定烟叶中氯含量。

By analyzing the internal and external quality of C3F tobacco leaves in Jinggu Base,the quality characteristics and stability of tobacco leaves were mastered,so as to provide technical support for improving the flue-cured tobacco quality in the base.The C3F tobacco leaves from 2020 to 2022 in five representative towns of Yongping,Weiyuan,Mengban,Banpo and Bi'an in Jinggu Base were collected respectively.Through the analysis of the appearance quality,physical properties,chemical components and sensory quality of tobacco leaves,the main characteristics of C3F tobacco leaves in Jinggu Base were preliminarily clarified.C3F tobacco leaves showed orange color,ripe maturity,open structure,medium body,oily component and strong color intensity.The physical characteristics such as length,width and weight of single leaf were moderate.The chemical components showed high sugar,and low reducing sugar/total sugar ratio,and chlorine and potassium/chlorine ratio varied greathy between years.The style characteristic was fen-flavor obvious.The comprehensive score of appearance and sensory quality increased year by year.In addition to the breaking stress,the variation of physical properties was small.The chemical components had little variation,except for chlorine and potassium/chlorine ratio.The quality stability of samples in different years and regions was good.The total sugar content of tobacco leaves should be controlled,and the content of reducing sugar should be appropriately increased to improve the quality of tobacco leaves.The dynamic monitoring of chlorine in soil and tobacco leaves should be strengthened in some tobacco planting areas.In some areas with low chlorine in soil and tobacco leaves,accurate chlorine supplementation should be carried out to stabilize the chlorine content in tobacco leaves.