支撑我国能源转型的灵活燃煤发电新技术:燃煤耦合储能系统及智能控制系统

Novel Technologies of Flexible Coal-fired Power Generation to Support China Energy Transition:Coal-fired Coupled Energy Storage System and Smart Control System

我国清洁低碳安全高效的能源体系正逐步建立,以新能源为主体的新型电力系统对燃煤发电机组的灵活运行与优化调控提出了更严格的要求。燃煤发电机组耦合储能系统是提升机组调峰能力与支撑水平的有效途径。灵活运行为智能控制赋予现实需求,智能控制为灵活的实现提供技术支撑,发展智能控制系统是提升机组调峰能力与支撑水平的着手点。该文梳理灵活燃煤发电中燃煤耦合储能系统及控制系统的研究进展,对比各类燃煤耦合储能系统的特征、应用领域与存在问题,同时阐述燃煤发电机组控制系统智能化建设中状态检测、自动控制、运行优化等应用中感知、分析、决策、控制各环节的现状与挑战。分别从储能系统中熔盐储热热力系统重构、关键部件设计、非电伴热3个层面,以及智能控制系统泛在感知、智能控制与智能运行3个层面归纳出支撑我国能源转型的灵活燃煤发电新技术,并对燃煤发电机组未来的发展方向进行展望,可为燃煤发电机组的灵活性运行和智能化建设提供一定参考。

China is progressively establishing a clean,low-carbon,safe,and efficient energy system,where the new type of power system,dominated by renewable energy,imposes stricter requirements on the flexible operation and optimized control of coal-fired power generation units.A coal-fired coupled energy storage systems represent an effective approach to enhance the peak-shaving and support capability of the units.Flexible operation creates practical demands for smart control,which in turn provides technical support for flexibility,making the development of smart control systems a starting point for enhancing the peak-shaving and support capability of the units.This paper thoroughly reviews the research progress on coal-fired coupled with energy storage systems and control systems in flexible coal-fired power generation.It compares the characteristics,application fields,and existing problems of various coal-fired coupled with energy storage systems.Furthermore,it discusses the current status and challenges of state monitoring,automatic control,and operation optimization in the intelligent construction of coal-fired power unit control systems,covering perception,analysis,decision-making,and control aspects.The paper explores new technologies supporting China's energy transition in flexible coal-fired power generation from three aspects:reconstruction of molten salt thermal storage systems in energy storage,design of key components,and non-electric trace heating,as well as three dimensions of smart control systems,including ubiquitous sensing,smart control,and smart operation.It provides a forward-looking perspective on the future research and development directions for coal-fired power generation units,offering references for the flexible operation and smart construction of coal-fired power generation units.