中美媒体新冠病毒溯源话语的对抗性特征与话语策略分析

The analysis of the confrontational features and discursive strategies in Chinese and American media’s COVID-19 virus origin tracing discourse

新冠肺炎疫情期间,关于病毒溯源的话语俨然成为国际媒体的重要话语事件。本研究基于自建语料库,探讨中美媒体的病毒溯源话语表征。研究选取2020年1月到2021年12月中美有关新闻媒体的相关报道,运用语料库分析技术,开展相关关键词的词语索引分析、搭配分析、语义趋向及语义韵分析,探索双方的话语冲突、博弈和较量特征。数据分析显示,两国媒体在新冠肺炎疫情溯源问题上采用了一系列攻防策略,呈现出3组截然有别的语义趋向和语义韵,构建出对抗性特征极强的话语博弈图景,揭示位于底层的国家立场和意识形态驱动。本文对对抗性话语的重要特征和话语策略进行了系统讨论,对话语分析具有概念建构与方法论层面的启示。

During the COVID-19 pandemic,tracing the origin of COVID-19 became a critical discursive event in international media.Based on a self-compiled corpus,this study explores the discursive representation of this event in US and Chinese media.News reports were collected from January 2020 to December 2021.Basic corpus linguistic analytical techniques were utilized including concordance analysis,collocation analysis,semantic preference and semantic prosody analysis,aiming to explore the characteristics of discourse conflict,game-playing,and contention between the two sides.Data analyses showed that the Chinese and US media employed a series of“attackdefense”discursive strategies embodied in three diametrically opposing sets of semantic preferences and prosodies,revealing a strong profile of confrontational discourses bounded up with divergences in national stances and ideologies.This article discusses the important linguistic characteristics and discursive strategies of confrontational discourse,offering insights into the conceptual construction and methodological aspects of discourse analysis.