基于改进FMEA的污水厂设备故障风险评估模型

Equipment failure risk assessment model of wastewater treatment plant based on improved FMEA

为保障污水处理厂正常运行,预防厂内设备发生故障,提出一种改进的故障模式与影响分析(FMEA)的风险评估模型。首先采用FMEA法识别污水厂设备故障模式,并结合毕达哥拉斯模糊集(PFS)刻画不确定评估信息;其次利用逐步权重评估比率分析法(SWARA)和最大偏差法计算主客观权重,通过博弈论组合权重计算3个风险因子的综合权重;然后采用多目标优化比率分析法(MOORA)对设备故障模式进行风险排序。最后以长春市Z污水厂设备故障风险评估为例,并将所提模型与传统FMEA、毕达哥拉斯模糊(PF)-优劣解距离法(TOPSIS)和PF-妥协折衷排序法(PF-VIKOR)等方法对比,验证该模型的有效性。结果表明:污水厂设备故障模式前3位是除砂机抽取的砂浆所含有机物过多、膜片脱落或破裂和大块异物进入水泵。

In order to ensure the normal operation of wastewater treatment plants and prevent equipment failures,an improved FMEA risk assessment model was proposed.Firstly,the FMEA method was used to identify the failure modes of wastewater treatment plant equipment,and it was combined with PFS to portray the uncertainty assessment information.Secondly,the subjective and objective weights were calculated using the stepwise weight assessment ratio analysis(SWARA)method and the maximum deviation method,and the comprehensive weights of the three risk factors were calculated through the game theory combination weights.Thirdly,the multi-objective optimization on basis of ratio analysis(MOORA)method was used for the equipment failure mode risk ranking.Finally,taking Changchun City Z wastewater treatment plant equipment failure risk assessment as an example,the model proposed in this paper was compared with traditional FMEA,Pythagorean fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution(PF-TOPSIS),and Pythagorean fuzzy VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje(PF-VIKOR),and the feasibility and effectiveness of the model were verified.The results show that the top 3 failure modes of wastewater plant equipment are that the grit extracted by the grit remover contains excessive organic matter,the diaphragm is dislodged or broken,and large foreign objects enter the pump.