百色市柑橘病虫害发生情况及综合防控技术

Occurrence and Integrated Control Technology of Citrus Diseases and Insect Pests in Baise City

柑橘为广西百色市第二大水果产业,是百色市农民增收致富的重要来源,但近年来病虫害发生频繁,产业发展受阻。2021-2023年,对百色市柑橘病虫害的发生种类及为害特点进行定点调查和巡回普查,发现共有21种病害和34种虫害;其中为害较重的病害有柑橘炭疽病、灰霉病、煤烟病、脂点黄斑病、黄龙病、溃疡病及柑橘茎陷点病(衰退病),为害较重的虫害有柑橘木虱、橘蚜、柑橘小实蝇、红蜘蛛、锈壁虱及柑橘蓟马。依据调查结果提出了防控措施和策略:选择无病虫害健康种苗或大苗栽植,加强橘园农事管理,合理管控肥水,重视增施生物菌有机肥增强树势;做好病、虫害监测和检测,综合应用农业、物理、生物和化学等措施协同控害,以期为百色市柑橘病虫害防治提供策略。

Citrus is the second largest fruit industry in Baise City,Guangxi,and it is an important source of income for farmers in Baise City.However,in recent years,citrus diseases and insect pests have occurred frequently,and industrial development has been hindered.From 2021 to 2023,the occurrence types and damage characteristics of citrus diseases and insect pests in Baise City were investigated in fixed spots and on tour.The results showed that a total of 21 diseases and 34 insect pests were found.Among them,the more serious diseases were citrus anthracnose,gray mold,sooty blotch,yellow spot,Huanglongbing disease,canker disease and citrus stem pitting(Citrus tristezavirus).The more serious pests awere citrus psyllid,citrus aphid,citrus fruit fly,red spider,rust mite and citrus thrip.According to the survey results,the prevention and control measures and strategies were put forward:selecting disease-free,insect-healthy seedlings or large seedlings for planting,strengthening the agricultural management of citrus orchards,rationally controlling fertilizer and water,and paying attention to the application of bio-bacterial organic fertilizer to enhance tree vigor;it is necessary to monitor and detect diseases and pests,and comprehensively apply agricultural,physical,biological and chemical measures to control diseases and pests,so as to provide strategies for the prevention and control of citrus diseases and pests in Baise City.