弱势民族文学译介:周氏兄弟与《小说月报》“被损害民族的文学号”

Translation and Introduction of Literature of Vulnerable Ethnic Groups:The Zhou Brothers and the“Literary Account of the Damaged Ethnic Groups”in Fiction Monthly

1921年10月,《小说月报》在第12卷第10号策划推出“被损害民族的文学号”,鲁迅、周作人积极参与其中,联袂贡献了一批优秀的翻译文本。此时周氏兄弟强调“弱势民族”的概念,一方面延续了早年形成的文化趣味,另一方面则是新的社会语境下建构民族主体身份认同的需要。二者选择翻译的文学作品常常交织着世界主义与民族主义的辩证视野,将反抗殖民压迫的内容框架与人道主义的精神内涵互相结合。这一思路既否定了东西文明大同的迷思,承认生存竞争的自然法则,但同时又用人性的伦理维度来加以限制,高扬人之主体性自觉。周氏兄弟的弱势民族文学译介是新文学家回应“后五四”时代文学困境与启蒙困局的文化实践,也是新文学主体走向历史纵深的典型表现。

In October 1921,Fiction Monthly planned to launch the“Literary Account of the Damaged Nation”in Volume 12,Issue 10.Lu Xun and Zhou Zuoren actively participated in it and jointly contributed a number of excellent translated texts.At this time,the Zhou brothers emphasized the concept of“vulnerable ethnic groups”,which on the one hand continued the cultural interest formed in earlier years,on the other hand,it was the need to construct national identity in a new social context.The literary works chosen for translation by the Zhou brothers often interweave the dialectical perspectives of cosmopolitanism and nationalism,combining the content framework of resisting colonial oppression with the spiritual connotation of humanism.This approach not only negates the misconception of the unity of Eastern and Western civilizations and acknowledges the natural laws of survival and competition,but also limits it with the ethical dimension of human nature,promoting human subjectivity and consciousness.The translation and introduction of vulnerable ethnic literature by the Zhou brothers is a cultural practice of new writers in response to the literary dilemma and enlightenment dilemma of the post May Fourth era,and also a typical manifestation of the historical depth of new literary subjects.