重载条件下防溜铁鞋在风区不同路段应用防溜效果分析

Analysis of Runaway Prevention Effect of Anti-Slip Shoes Applied to Different Sections in Wind-Prone Area under Heavy Load Conditions

为研究重载列车编组在大风区,雪天等恶劣停车环境下的防溜安全问题,建立C80E货车防溜的仿真模型,计算不同风速,不同坡度,不同气候状态下防溜铁鞋提供制动阻力数值;建立重载列车编组在坡道停留时的力学模型,按照列车编组在无制动力的状态下,风力、铁鞋制动阻力、列车启动基本阻力的综合作用下保证列车不发生溜逸,确定不同情况下单个铁鞋能防溜的编组数目,确定其现场使用规范。结果表明:防溜铁鞋置于C80E货车车轮下,满载状态下,摩擦系数最小时制动阻力为12.57 kN,摩擦系数最大时制动阻力为77.68 kN;一只铁鞋防止列车溜车的最大编组数目:允许停车的最大坡度6‰和雪天条件下,每2节C80E重载货车需配一个铁鞋,叠加10级纵向风时,每1节C80E重载货车需配一个铁鞋。

In order to study the runaway problem of heavy-haul train formations in adverse stopping conditions such as high winds and heavy snow,a simulation model of anti-slip C80E freight car is established,and the braking resistance values of anti-slip shoes under different wind speeds,gradients and climate conditions.The mechanical model of heavy-haul train formations stopping on the ramp is established,and under the premise that the train formation,without braking force,will not run away due to the combined effects of the wind force,the braking resistance of the anti-slip shoes and the basic startup resistance of the train,the number of formation units that each shoe can prevent from runaway under different circumstances is determined,and the field operational guidelines are determined.The results show that when the shoes are set under the wheels of the C80E freight car under full load,the braking resistance with the minimum friction coefficient is 12.57 kN,and the braking resistance with the maximum friction coefficient is 77.68 kN.The maximum number of formation units that each shoe can prevent the train from runaway:under the maximum allowable stopping gradient of 6‰and snow conditions,every two cars need to be equipped with one shoe;under a 10 longitudinal wind,each car needs to be equipped with one shoe.