“对象性活动”:马克思辩证法的本体论基础——对《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中辩证法思想的理解

“Object Activity”:The Ontological Basis of Marx’s Dialectics——An Understanding on the Concept of Dialectics in Economic and Philosophic Manuscriptof 1844

《1844年经济学哲学手稿》是马克思辩证法理论的真正开端。在手稿中,马克思对非批判的运动以及非批判的形式进行了双重的批判,从而确定了辩证法的本体论基础——“对象性活动”。“对象性活动”内蕴了辩证法理论的三个基本原则,即建立在感性基础上的现实性原则、以主体性为基础的活动性原则、以对象性为基础的历史性原则。辩证法的三原则是建构“合理形态”的辩证法的前提,是批判性、革命性的本质展现,是现实性和力量性的地基。

The Economic and philosophic Manuscriptof 1844 is the beginning of Marx’s dialectics theory.In the manuscript,Marx made a double critique which contains non-critical movements and non-critical forms,So the important thing for Marx is how to identify the ontological basis of dialectic.“Object activity”contains three principles of dialectical theory,the principle of reality which based on sensibility,the principle of activity which based on subjectivity,and the principle of history which based on objectivity.These three principles of dialectics are the premise of the construction of a dialectic of“rational form”,a critical and revolutionary essence,and the foundation of reality and power.