论崔国辅绝句对乐府诗的吸收与改写

Absorption and Rewriting of Yue-fu Poems in Cui Guofu’s Quatrains

“崔国辅体”是晚唐诗人韩偓创作“香奁”体诗时所模拟的一种言情诗体,实为盛唐诗人崔国辅创作的五言绝句。“崔国辅体”的形式来自南朝齐梁时代的吴歌中的《子夜歌》和西曲中的《襄阳曲》等乐府体式,其诗意与情感不仅吸收吴歌西曲中的情爱内容,还化用了《诗》《骚》和汉乐府中男女相思题材。由“崔国辅体”可见吴歌西曲这样的南朝乐府短章向五言绝句转进的痕迹,可进一步验证“绝句出于乐府”说之可信。植根于南朝民歌的“崔国辅体”五言绝句,具有自然婉转而含蓄精致的特征。

The poems of“Cui Guofu”is a romantic poetic style simulated by the late Tang poet Han Xuan when creating the“Xiang Lian”style poetry.It is actually the five-character quatrains created by Cui Guofu,a poet of the high Tang dynasty.The form of the poems of“Cui Guofu”comes from the Yue-fu poems’style of Midnight Song in the“Wu Ge”and Xiangyang Qu in the“Xi Qu”during the Qi and Liang dynasties of the Southern dynasties.Its poetry and emotions not only absorb the love content in“Wu Ge”and“Xi Qu”,but also incorporate the themes of love between men and women in Shi,Sao,and Yue-fu of the Han dynasties.From the poems of“Cui Guofu”,it can be seen that the Yue-fu’s short chapters of the Southern dynasty,such as“Wu Ge”and“Xi Qu”,have evolved into five-character quatrains.This can further verify the credibility of the theory that“the quatrain originated from Yue-fu”.Five character quatrains of the poems of“Cui Guofu”,rooted in the folk songs of the Southern dynasties,have the characteristics of natural elegance and subtle refinement.