正念对高原武警官兵睡眠质量的影响:一个有调节的中介模型

Effects of mindfulness on sleep quality of plateau armed police officers and soldiers:a moderated mediation model

目的考察正念对高原武警官兵睡眠质量的影响,并探讨反刍思维和负性注意偏向的中介作用和工作压力的调节作用。方法采用正念注意觉知量表、反刍思维量表、负性注意偏向量表、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数问卷及武警战士工作压力量表对高原某部454名男性武警官兵进行调查。结果武警官兵正念与反刍思维(r=-0.734,P<0.01)、负性注意偏向(r=-0.663,P<0.01)、睡眠质量(r=-0.684,P<0.01)、工作压力(r=-0.485,P<0.01)呈显著负相关。正念对武警官兵睡眠质量具有显著的直接影响(β=-0.078,P<0.01);反刍思维及负性注意偏向在正念和睡眠质量之间均起部分中介(β=-0.054,P<0.01;β=-0.016,P<0.01);反刍思维与负性注意偏向在正念与睡眠质量之间起链式中介作用(β=-0.011,P<0.01);工作压力在正念对睡眠质量的影响路径中发挥调节作用(β=0.071,P<0.01)。结论正念可通过反刍思维和负性注意偏向影响武警官兵睡眠质量,可通过改善工作压力环境或开展正念干预训练以提升睡眠质量。

Objective To investigate the effects of mindfulness on sleep quality of plateau armed police officers and soldiers,and to explore the mediating role of rumination and negative attention bias and the moderating role of work stress.Methods A total of 454 male armed police officers and soldiers in Tibet and Gannan were investigated by using Mindful Attention Awareness Scale,Ruminative Response Scale,Negative Attention Bias Scale,Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and work stress scale for armed police officers and soldiers.Results The mindfulness of armed police officers and soldiers was significantly negatively correlated with rumination(r=-0.734,P<0.01),negative attention bias(r=-0.663,P<0.01),sleep quality(r=-0.684,P<0.01),and work stress(r=-0.485,P<0.01).Mindfulness had a significant direct effect on sleep quality of armed police officers and soldiers(β=-0.078,P<0.01).Both rumination and negative attention bias were partially mediating between mindfulness and sleep quality(β=-0.054,P<0.01;β=-0.016,P<0.01).Furthermore,rumination and negative attention bias played a chain mediating role between mindfulness and sleep quality(β=-0.011,P<0.01).Additionally,work stress played a moderating role in the influence path of mindfulness on sleep quality(β=0.071,P<0.01).Conclusion Mindfulness can affect the sleep quality of armed police officers and soldiers through rumination and negative attention bias.Sleep quality can be improved by improving stressful work environments or conducting mindfulness intervention training.