微生物菌剂对鸡粪堆肥理化指标和细菌群落组成的影响

Effects of microbial agents on physicochemical indicators and bacterial community during the aerobic composting process of chicken manure

为探究微生物菌剂在鸡粪堆肥化过程中对腐熟指标和细菌群落的影响,本研究以鸡粪为原料,菌菇废渣为辅料进行好氧堆肥,设置菌剂处理组和对照组两组试验,对比堆肥过程中理化指标、发芽指数及细菌群落结构和多样性。结果表明:堆肥结束时对照组和菌剂处理组pH分别为8.37和8.70,电导率分别为1.86 mS·cm^(-1)和1.67 mS·cm^(-1),含水率分别为43.25%和34.35%;与对照组相比,堆肥结束时菌剂处理组氮素损失率降低28.65个百分点,种子发芽指数为115.18%,高于对照组(94.83%)。高通量测序分析结果表明,添加微生物菌剂处理改善了堆肥细菌群落组成,有助于堆肥腐熟,抑制了部分条件性致病菌的生长。研究表明,添加微生物菌剂影响了鸡粪堆肥的细菌群落结构,减少了堆体氮素损失,提高了堆肥腐熟度。

To investigate the effects of microbial agents on the maturation indicators and bacterial communities during the composting process of chicken manure,this study used chicken manure as the raw material and mushroom residue as the auxiliary material for aerobic composting.Two groups of experiments were set up:microbal agents treatment group and control group.The physicochemical indicators,seed germination index,and the structure and diversity of microbial communities during the composting process were compared.The results showed that at the end of the composting,the pH values for the control group and test treatment group were 8.37 and 8.70,respectively,the electrical conductivity values were 1.86 mS·cm^(-1)and 1.67 mS·cm^(-1),respectively,and the moisture content was 43.25%and 34.35%,respectively.Compared with the control group,test group reduced nitrogen loss rate by 28.65 percent points,and the seed germination index at the end of the composting was 115.18%,which was higher than the control group′s 94.83%.High-throughput sequencing analysis revealed that the addition of microbial agents improved altered the composition of the composting bacterial communities,which contributed to the maturation of compost,and inhibited the growth of some conditional pathogens.The study demonstrates that the addition of microbial agents influenced the bacterial community structure of chicken manure compost,reduced nitrogen loss in the compost pile,and enhanced the maturity of the compost.