秦岭典型群落木本植物生物量影响因素研究

Factors Influencing the Woody Plant Biomass of Typical Communities in the Qinling Mountains

为明确秦岭群落生物量的影响因素及其驱动机制,并为合理提高秦岭群落生物量、准确评价秦岭森林生态系统功能以及秦岭地区森林可持续经营与管理提供理论依据,本研究以秦岭地区不同类型森林群落为对象,以97个典型群落类型501个样地中的26560株活立木数据为基础,利用方差组分分析和多元线性回归模型,探究物种多样性和结构多样性对生物量的影响,分析降水、温度和土壤等环境因素与生物量之间的关系。结果表明:1)物种多样性、结构多样性和环境因素均影响着群落地上、地下和总生物量,其中物种多样性和结构多样性分别与生物量之间呈显著负相关和正相关。2)与物种多样性和环境因素相比,结构多样性对群落地上、地下和总生物量的作用效用最大,而环境因素的作用效应最小。3)不同环境因子对生物量影响存在差异,降水与生物量之间关系不显著,而土壤和温度与生物量有显著关系,且其中导电性与碳氮比能够促进生物量的累积,而温度季节性和等温性会抑制生物量的累积。

In order to clarify the factors influencing the woody plant biomass of typical communities occurring in the Qinling Mountains and driving mechanism to provide theoretical basis for reasonably improving the community biomass,and accurately evaluating the functions of the forest ecosystem,as well as sustainable forest management in the mountains,this study took different types of forest communities in the mountains as the research objects.Based on the data of 26560 living trees in 501 sample plots of 97 typical community types,by using variance component analysis and multiple linear regression model,the effects of species diversity and structural diversity on the biomass were explored.The relationships between precipitation,temperature,soil and other environmental factors and biomass were analyzed.The conclusions are as follows.1)Species diversity,structural diversity and environmental factors all affect the aboveground,underground and total biomass of the community,among which the biomass is significantly and negatively correlated with species diversity,and significantly and positively correlated with structural diversity.2)Compared with species diversity and environmental factors,structural diversity has the greatest effect on the aboveground,underground and total biomass of the community,while environmental factors have the smallest effect.3)Different environmental factors have different effects on biomass.The relationship between precipitation and biomass is not significant,while soil and temperature have significant relationships with biomass.In addition,electrical conductivity and carbon nitrogen ratio can promote the accumulation of biomass,while temperature seasonality and isotherm can inhibit the accumulation of biomass.