环长株潭城市群生态系统服务供需变化分析

Changes in the Supply and Demand of Ecosystem Services in the Urban Agglomeration Around Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan

探析生态系统服务供需关系,有助于推动区域自然资源的有序开发和生态环境管理。基于多源数据,选取碳固持、粮食供应、产水和土壤保持4项生态系统服务,运用InVEST模型、ESDR、局部自相关指数等方法,对比分析2000、2010年和2020年环长株潭城市群生态系统服务供需时空变化及空间匹配特征。结果表明:1)各项生态系统服务总供给>总需求,碳固持供给量下降,粮食供应、产水和土壤保持供给量上升,4项生态系统服务需求量上升。2)碳固持供需比下降,产水供需比上升,粮食供应和土壤保持供需比基本保持不变。城镇建成区的碳固持、粮食供应和产水呈赤字状态,其他区域呈盈余状态;土壤保持赤字区集中在洞庭湖平原。3)除土壤保持以低低空间匹配为主,碳固持、粮食供应、产水服务的空间错位现象突出,高低空间错位主要分布在生态基底较好的山地丘陵区,低高空间错位主要分布在各城区。结合生态系统服务供需和自相关分析结果,提出资源开发与保护建议,全面提升研究区各项生态容量,保护生态环境。

The exploration of the relationship between the supply and demand of ecosystem services(ESs)will help to promote the orderly development of regional natural resources and the management of the ecological environment.Based on multi-source data,this paper selected four ecosystem services,including carbon storage,food supply,water supply and soil conservation,and used the InVEST model,ESDR,and the local indicators of spatial association to comparatively analyze the spatial and temporal changes in the supply and demand of ESs and the spatial matching status of ESs in the Urban Agglomeration Around Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan in the years of 2000,2010 and 2020.The results showed that 1)the total supply of all ESs exceeded the total demand.The supply of carbon storage decreased,the supply of food,water and soil conservation increased,and the demand of the four ecosystem services maintained an overall increase.2)The supply and demand ratio of carbon storage decreased,the supply and demand ratio of water supply increased,and the supply and demand ratio of food supply and soil conservation remained basically unchanged.Carbon storage,food supply and water supply were in deficit in built-up areas of towns and cities and in surplus in other areas.The deficit area of the soil conservation service was concentrated in the Dongting Lake Plain.3)In addition to soil conservation,which was dominated by low-low spatial matching,the spatial dislocation of carbon storage,food supply and water supply were prominent.The high-low spatial dislocation was mainly distributed in mountainous areas with good ecological base,and the low-high spatial dislocation was mainly distributed in urban areas.Combined with the results of ecosystem service supply and demand and autocorrelation analyses,suggestions are proposed for resource development and protections:to comprehensively enhance the ecological capacity of the study area and protect the ecological environment.