结构的滑黠——对《文城》“补”的解读

Crafty Structures:Interpreting the Supplementary Narrative of Wen Cheng

《文城》出版后,其正文与补的形式创新引发了广泛的讨论。大多数读者依托小说内容简单地将“补”视为小说正文的补充,实际上《文城》的结构体现了余华的匠心独运,“补”更作为相对独立的部分扩充了小说的叙述容量和解读空间。但同时“补”的叙述陷阱将人们的视点集中在对事件的还原,而忽略了作者在形式上狡黠的布置。运用对位法去解读“补”的内容,破解“补”的结构陷阱,可以从情节、人物及结构多重维度探讨余华形式探索的有效性及审美价值。

Since the publication of Wen Cheng,the formal innovation of the book's text and supplements has triggered extensive discussion.Most readers simply regard the"supplement"as an addition to the main text of the novel based on its content.In fact,the structure of Wen Cheng reflects Yu Hua's ingenuity,and the"supplement"expands the novel's narrative capacity and interpretive space as a relatively independent part.But at the same time,the narrative trap of the"supplement"focuses people's attention on the restoration of events and ignores the author's cunning arrangement in form.By applying the counterpoint method to interpret the content of"supplement"and break the structural trap of"supplement",the effectiveness and aesthetic value of Yu Hua's formal exploration can be discussed from multiple dimensions of plot,character and structure.