两岸术语求同化异路径初探

An Exploration of Seeking Ways to Resolve Differences of Terminology between Chinese Mainland and Taiwan

语言文字的统一是促进和维护国家统一的标志。术语是各领域知识和信息传播的核心和灵魂。现有研究发现,两岸多个领域的术语差异高达30%以上。从语言学角度看,同实同形术语包含两岸共同的语言表述规律性,“同实异形”的差异术语存在共性规律和微观可协调性;从术语使用现状看,异形术语有两岸融合的情形。学界已建设了大量的术语对照资源,据此本研究提出两岸术语研究应以“求同化异”为理念。本着同中求规律、异中找共性的研究思路,文章以社科领域两岸对照术语为研究基础,以英语对照术语含system的一组术语为例,对两岸同实同形、同实异形术语进行了分类研究,归纳了两岸同实同形术语的共同表述规律,分析了同实异形术语的差异类型和共性特征,讨论了相应的协调策略,期待为之后的术语生成、翻译提供参照,从而服务于两岸统一大业。

The unity of language and writing is a symbol of promoting and maintaining national unity.Terminology is the core and soul of knowledge and information dissemination in various fields.Existing research has shown that there are over 30%differences in terminology between many fields between Chinese Mainland and Taiwan(of China).From a linguistic perspective,the terms of“the same reality in same form”contain the common regularity of expressions shared by both sides of the Taiwan Strait,while the differential terms of“the same reality in different forms”have common regularity and coordination at the micro level;From the current usage of terminology,there is a trend of integration and unification of cross-strait terminology;The academic community has established a large number of terminology comparison resources.Based on this,this study proposes that cross-strait terminology research should be guided by the concept of“seeking assimilation and differentiation”.Following the research approach of seeking rules within similarities and finding commonalities within differences,this article is based on Chinese cross-strait comparative terminology in the field of social sciences.Taking a family terms of English comparative terminology with the word“system”as an example,it classifies and studies cross-strait terms with the same reality in same form,and the same reality in different forms.This article also summarizes the common expression rules of cross-strait terms with the same reality in same form,analyzes the differences and common characteristics of the terms with the same reality in different forms,and discusses corresponding processing strategies.It is hoped that this will provide reference for future terminology generation and translation,and serve the great cause of Chinas peaceful reunification.