我国医疗人工智能的应用现状、风险及对策建议

Application,risks and countermeasures of medical artificial intelligence in China

人工智能(AI)作为一项前沿技术为医学领域带来了革命性变革,不仅能够为患者提供个性化医疗服务、显著提高医生诊疗效率、助力医院实现智能化管理,还能增强国家应对突发公共卫生事件的能力。然而,由于AI技术的高度数据依赖性和算法黑箱性等内在特性,当前医疗AI在数据安全、医疗风险、公平受益及公众接受信任度等方面面临着一系列挑战。本文深入探讨了医疗AI的应用价值及其面临的风险挑战,通过分析其内在原因,提出加强数据流通全流程的安全防护、研发透明且具有可解释性的AI产品、制定行业标准以规避算法歧视以及加强宣传教育以提升公众信任度等一系列符合我国国情的对策建议。

As a cutting-edge technology,artificial intelligence(AI)has brought revolutionary changes to the medical field,which can not only provide personalized medical services for patients,significantly improve the efficiency of doctorsdiagnosis and treatment,help hospitals realize intelligent management,but also enhance the country's capacity to respond to public health emergencies.However,due to the inherent characteristics of AI technology such as high dependence on data and black box of algorithms,current medical AI faces a series of challenges in terms of data security,medical risks,fair return and public acceptance and trust.This review delves into the application value of medical AI and the risks and challenges it faces,and proposes a range of countermeasures and suggestions in line with national conditions by analyzing the underlying reasons,such as strengthening the security protection throughout the data circulation process,developing transparent and explainable AI products,formulating industry standards to avoid algorithmic discrimination,and strengthening publicity and education to enhance public trust.