2014-2023年云南省昆明市五华区居民死因监测结果分析

Analysis of monitoring results of causes of death of residents in Wuhua District,Kunming City,Yunnan Province from 2014 to 2023

[目的]了解2014-2023年云南省昆明市五华区户籍居民的死亡率及死因顺位,为制定卫生策略提供参考。[方法]基于2014-2023年云南省昆明市五华区居民死因监测数据,应用Excel 2010和SPSS 26.0进行数据分析,计算死亡率、死因构成比及前5位死因顺位等相关指标。[结果]2014-2023年云南省昆明市五华区居民年平均粗死亡率为691.28/10万(标化死亡率为369.94/10万);男性死亡率(粗死亡率830.42/10万、标化死亡率438.02/10万)高于女性(粗死亡率553.69/10万、标化死亡率299.62/10万);前5位死因分别为心脏病、呼吸系统疾病、肿瘤、脑血管疾病及内分泌、营养和代谢性疾病,累计死亡例数占全部死亡人数的83.94%。[结论]五华区户籍居民死亡率在年份、性别、年龄及死因顺位方面均体现出差异性。慢性非传染性疾病是影响五华区居民健康的主要因素。

Objective To investigate the mortality rate and the rank of causes of death of registered residents in Wuhua District of Kunming,Yunnan Province from 2014 to 2023,and provide the reference for formulating health strategies.Methods Based on the monitoring data of causes of death of residents in Wuhua District of Kunming,Yunnan Province from 2014 to 2023,Excel 2010 and SPSS 26.0 were used to analyze the data,and related indicators such as mortality rate,cause of death ratio and top five causes of death were calculated.Results The average annual crude death rate of residents in Wuhua District of Kunming,Yunnan Province from 2014 to 2023 was 691.28 per 100,000 population(age-standardized mortality rate 369.94 per 100,000 population).The mortality rate of males whose crude death rate was 830.42 per 100,000 population and age-standardized mortality rate was 438.02 per 100,000 population was higher than that of females whose crude death rate was 553.69 per 100,000 population and standardized mortality rate was 299.62 per 100,000 population.The top five causes of death were heart diseases,respiratory diseases,tumor,cerebrovascular diseases,endocrine diseases,nutritional and metabolic diseases,accounting for 83.94%of all deaths.Conclusions The mortality rate of registered residents in Wuhua District has differences in terms of year,gender,age and rank of causes of death.Noncommunicable diseases are the main factors affecting the health of residents in Wuhua District.