基于API581的热交换器换热管束最佳更换周期的确定

Determination of the Optimal Replacement Cycle for Heat Exchanger Tube Bundles Based on API 581

针对石化企业热交换器换热管束易泄漏、更换周期不明确且估算方法不够科学严谨的问题,基于美国石油学会标准API 581—2016《基于风险的检验方法》,采用经济成本分析方法对某炼化企业一台中压分解器的换热管束进行了检验或更换的决策分析并计算了管束最佳更换周期。结果表明:企业的收益率会关系到检验或更换决策的制定,影响最早检验或更换日期的确定;基于总费用优化计算的管束最佳更换周期为9.5年;非计划停机的风险费用与计划停机的管束更换费用两者差距越大,按管束最佳更换周期进行换热器完整性管理的重要性就越大。

The determination of the optimal replacement cycle for heat exchanger tube bundles based on API 581 addresses the issues of easy leakage,unclear replacement cycle,and insufficient scientific and rigorous estimation methods in heat exchanger tube bundles of petrochemical enterprises.Based on the American Petroleum Institute standard API 581—2016"Risk Based Inspection Method",The economic cost analysis method was used to conduct a decision analysis on the inspection or replacement of the heat exchange tube bundle of a medium pressure decomposer in a certain refining and chemical enterprise,and the optimal replacement cycle of the tube bundle was calculated.The results indicate that the return rate of a company will be related to the decision-making of inspection or replacement,affecting the determination of the earliest inspection or replacement date;The optimal replacement cycle of the tube bundle based on total cost optimization calculation is 9.5 years;The greater the difference between the risk cost of unplanned downtime and the cost of replacing the tube bundle for planned downtime,the greater the importance of managing the integrity of the heat exchanger according to the optimal replacement cycle of the tube bundle.