基于风环境优化的岭南高校教学组团形态布局设计研究

Pattern Layout Design of Lingnan University Teaching GroupsBased on Wind Environment Optimization

校园形态与环境舒适性的关系是校园建设的热门议题。探讨高校公共教学组团布局类型及关键设计要素与风环境评价指标的关系,目的在于为风环境导向下的公共教学组团空间形态控制提供思考路径。选取岭南地区54所建成高校公共教学组团作为研究对象,归纳总结组团布局类型,分析风环境相关设计要素(包括建筑朝向、建筑间距与围合形式),抽象高校公共教学组团理想模型,运用Phoenics软件进行夏季风环境模拟;设计单因子变量实验,分析不同因素与室外风环境的关联关系;对3个设计要素进行关联分析,探讨不同设计制约条件下的最优因素水平组合。结果显示,行列式布局在4种布局类型中室外风环境表现最优;当建筑根据地形呈斜向行列式布局时,组团室外风环境舒适性和空间感受较好;建筑间距与组团室外风环境呈正相关关系,但差异性较小;呈E型或S型围合的组团布局模式,连接体采用架空、挖洞等手法进行通透性处理,是兼顾室外风环境舒适性与空间需求的较优组团形式。

The relationship between campus form and environmental comfort is a hot topic in campus construction.This paper explores the layout types of public teaching clusters in universities and the relationship between key design elements and wind environment evaluation indexes,aiming to provide a thinking path for the spatial form control of teaching clusters under the guidance of wind environment.54 established public teaching clusters in Lingnan region are selected as the research object,the cluster layout types are summarized,and the design factors related to wind environment are analyzed,including building spacing,building orientation and enclosing form.On this basis,the ideal model of public teaching clusters in colleges and universities is abstract,a single factor variable experiment is designed,and the summer monsoon environment is simulated by Phoenics.The results show that the determinant layout has the best outdoor wind environment performance among the four layout types.When the buildings are arranged in the diagonal determinant according to the terrain,the outdoor wind environment comfort and space feeling are better.It is an E-shaped or S-shaped cluster layout mode,and the connectors are aerated,dug and other methods for permeability treatment,which is a better cluster form that takes into account the comfort of outdoor wind environment and space requirements.