检疫性真菌DNA条形码研究进展

Research progress on DNA barcoding of quarantine fungi

DNA条形码技术作为一项物种鉴定的新技术,在动物、植物、真菌等物种的快速准确鉴定方面日趋成熟,为进出境植物检疫及外来入侵物种鉴定提供了有力的工具。本文概述了真菌DNA条形码技术的研究进展,分析了中国、美国等5个主要贸易国家/地区检疫性真菌物种DNA条形码收集现状,并从柄锈菌属、疫霉属等重要检疫性真菌所在类群DNA条形码现状分析了DNA条形码筛选、现有数据库资源等存在的问题,提出全基因组水平筛选检疫性真菌DNA条形码的思路,以期提高鉴定准确性,提出加强国际合作、建立检疫性真菌DNA条形码数据库等建议。

DNA barcoding,as a new technology for species identification,is becoming mature in the identification of species of animals,plants and fungi.It provides a powerful tool for plant quarantine and identification of invasive alien species.This paper summarizes the research progresses on fungal DNA barcoding and analyzes the current situation of DNA barcode collection of quarantine fungal species in five major trading countries/regions including China and the United States.The existing problems in DNA barcode screening and existing database resources of some important quarantine fungi including species in genera Puccinia and Phytophthora are analyzed.The idea of screening DNA barcodes of quarantine fungi at the whole genome level is put forward to improve the accuracy of species identification.The suggestions of strengthening international cooperation and establishing a database of quarantine fungal DNA barcodes,and so on,are also advanced.