酶响应性肿瘤靶向纳米制剂的研究进展

Research Progress of Enzyme-Responsive Tumor Targeting Nano-Formulations

酶响应性肿瘤靶向纳米制剂是一类基于肿瘤微环境中的酶反应而改变自身功能和性质的纳米制剂。通过对不同水解酶或氧化还原酶的响应设计,可以改善药物的水溶性、生物利用度和药效等,达到靶向递送药物、提高其在肿瘤部位富集的目的。除此之外,酶响应性纳米制剂在不同治疗方式中均提高了肿瘤治疗效果,且在肿瘤的成像、诊断包括早期诊疗等方面的应用也较为广泛。与单一酶响应的纳米制剂相比,基于酶的双重或多重刺激响应性的纳米制剂利用肿瘤微环境的特异性,在靶向性、可控性和生物安全性等方面有了明显的改善。全文综述了近几年酶响应性肿瘤靶向纳米制剂的研究进展,讨论了当前面临的挑战和局限性,并展望了未来前景。

Enzyme-responsive tumor targeting nano-formulations are a class of nano-preparations which change their functions and properties based on enzyme reaction in the tumor microenvironment.Through the design of response to different hydrolases or oxidoreductases,the water solubility,bioavailability and efficacy of drugs can be improved,so as to achieve the purpose of targeted delivery of drugs and increase its enrichment in tumor sites.In addition,enzyme-responsive nanoformulations have improved the efficacy of tumor therapy in different therapeutic modalities,and have also been widely used in tumor imaging,diagnosis,including early diagnosis and treatment.Compared with single enzyme-response nano-formulations,enzyme-based nano-formulations with double or multiple stimulus response take advantage of the specificity of the tumor microenvironment and show more significant improvements in targeting,controllability,and biosafety.In this review,the recent progress of enzyme-responsive tumor-targeting nano-formulations is reviewed,the current challenges and limitations are discussed,and the future prospects are prospected.