基于STM32F407的声音信号频谱仪设计

Design of Sound Signal Spectrometer Based on STM32F407

为了更好地分析声音信号的频谱特征,以STM32F407ZE为控制核心构建了声音信号频谱仪,该频谱仪可以检测并显示某段声音的频谱特征,如敲击杯子、乐器发音等,通过频谱特性可以得到发音物体的震动频率进而分析物体的一些特性。正常人耳朵能听到的声音频率范围在20Hz~20KHz,装置通过麦克风收集声音信号,经过带通滤波器进行滤波后保留20Hz~20KHz声音信号,并对信号进行放大,再送入MCU进行采集。频谱仪按照设定的采样率及采样时间对放大后的信号进行AD采集,再将采集到的离散声音信号进行FFT变换,得到声音信号的频谱,并在TFT上显示该段频谱。测试结果表明,该仪器具有声音频率测量范围广、测量精度高、响应速度快等优点。

In order to better analyze the spectral characteristics of sound signals,this design uses STM32F407ZE as the control core to construct a sound signal spectrograph.This spectrograph can detect and display the spectral characteristics of a certain segment of sound,such as tapping a cup,instrument pronunciation,etc.Through the spectral characteristics,the vibration frequency of the pronunciation object can be obtained,and some characteristics of the object can be analyzed.The frequency range of sound that can be heard by normal human ears is 20Hz~20KHz.The device collects sound signals through a microphone,filters them through a bandpass filter,retains the 20Hz~20KHz sound signal,amplifies it,and then sends it to the MCU for collection.The spectrograph performs AD acquisition on the amplified signal according to the set sampling rate and sampling time,and then performs FFT transformation on the collected discrete sound signal to obtain the frequency spectrum of the sound signal,which is displayed on the TFT.