乙酸正丁酯催化合成的条件探究

Exploration on Catalytic Synthesis of N-butyl Acetate

乙酸正丁酯在化工生产、医药等方面都有广泛的运用。本文采用四因素三水平的正交实验设计对硫酸铝钾、对甲苯磺酸、十二水合硫酸铁铵/过硫酸铵三类催化剂进行了实验选择,选出了硫酸铝钾作为催化剂。然后在该催化剂下,通过单因素实验法进一步探究了醇酸比、反应温度、反应时间分别对酯化率的影响。优化的合成条件为:催化剂采用硫酸铝钾,在醇酸比为1∶1、温度为125℃、反应时间为50 min时产率高达87.61%。催化剂重复使用四次后酯化率仍有70.03%。

N-butyl acetate is widely used in chemical production,medicine and other aspects.The orthogonal experimental design with four factors and three levels was used to select the aluminum potassium sulfate,partoluene acid and ammonium iron sulfate ammonium persulfate,and aluminum potassium sulfate was selected as the catalyst.Then,the influence of alcohol-acid ratio,reaction temperature and reaction time on esterification rate was further explored by single factor experiment under this catalyst.The optimized synthesis conditions were as follows:the catalyst adopted aluminum potassium sulfate,and the yield was as high as 87.61%when the alkyd ratio was 1∶1,the temperature was 125℃,and the reaction time was 50 min.The esterification rate was still 70.03%after four times of catalyst reuse.