淡水流域底栖动物eDNA宏条形码筛选研究

Screening Study one DNA Macro-barcoding of Benthic Animals in a Freshwater Basin

利用eDNA宏条形码对淡水生态系统进行研究的过程中,通用基因的筛选很重要。本研究计算并比较了cox1、cob、12SrDNA和18SrDNA基因的进化速率和基因差异位点,结果显示cox1基因具有适中的进化速率和较高的种间差异,适合作为eDNA宏条形码的通用基因。通过对比不同长度的cox1基因片段对结果的影响,发现300 bp左右的短片段在底栖动物物种多样性方面有较高的覆盖度。因此,本研究确定300 bp长度的cox1基因作为淡水底栖动物eDNA宏条形码的通用基因片段,以提高物种多样性评估的覆盖度,为淡水生态系统的生物多样性研究和生态修复提供技术服务。

Due to the advantages of eDNA macro-barcoding technology,such as fast and accurate,it has become a research hotspot in recent years to utilize this method to investigate the diversity of benthic fauna in freshwater basins and to evaluate the aquatic ecological health.In this study,we calculated and compared the evolutionary rates and gene differential sites of cox1,cob,12SrDNA and 18SrDNA genes,and the results showed that the cox1 gene has moderate evolutionary rate and high interspecific differences,which is suitable for use as a universal gene for eDNA macro barcoding.By comparing the effects of different lengths of cox1 gene fragments on the results,it was found that short fragments around 300bp had higher coverage in terms of benthic species diversity.Therefore,this study proposes to use 300bp length cox1 sequence as a universal gene fragment for eDNA macro barcoding of freshwater benthos in order to improve the coverage of species diversity assessment and to provide technical services for biodiversity research and ecological restoration in freshwater ecosystems.