锂电池电解液添加剂的最新研究进展

The Latest Research Progress in Electrolyte Additives for Lithium Batteries

针对全球变暖、水平线上升等环境问题,为推进我国“碳达峰,碳中和”战略决策的部署,开发高容量、低成本、低污染的绿色可再生能源储能器件已成为迫在眉睫的任务,锂电池作为一种新型清洁能源存储转化装置具有高理论比容量、环境友好等优点,是现如今社会广泛使用的能源储备和转换器件,同时也是储能领域中的重点研究对象,其性能和可靠性至关重要。电解液添加剂在充放电过程中肩负着离子转移和电子传递的作用,对电池的电化学性能、安全性能和成本等方面具有重要影响。目前电解液添加剂在全部电解液中的质量占比约为5%,具有用量小、改良效果显著的特点。电解液添加剂的配比研究以及新型添加剂的研发与应用已经成为决定添加剂生产企业市场竞争力的核心技术之一。本文综述了锂电池电解液添加剂的研究进展,主要从添加剂的作用、分类和最新研究进展等方面进行阐述,并指出了未来研究的发展趋势和挑战。

In view of global warming,rising horizons and other environmental problems,in order to promote the deployment of China's"carbon peak,carbon neutrality"strategic decision-making,the development of high-capacity,low-cost,low-pollution green renewable energy storage devices has become an urgent task,lithium battery as a new type of clean energy storage and conversion device has the advantages of high theoretical specific capacity,environmental friendliness,etc.,is widely used in today's society energy storage and conversion devices,but also in the field of energy storage in the field of key research objects,its performance and reliability are crucial.Electrolyte additives play the role of ion transfer and electron transfer in the process of charging and discharging,and have an important impact on the electrochemical performance,safety performance and cost of batteries.At present,electrolyte additives account for about 5%of the mass of all electrolytes,which has the characteristics of small dosage and significant improvement effect.The research on the ratio of electrolyte additives and the research and development and application of new additives have become one of the core technologies that determine the market competitiveness of additive manufacturers.In this paper,the research progress of lithium battery electrolyte additives is reviewed,mainly from the aspects of the role,classification and latest research progress of additives,and the development trends and challenges of future research are pointed out.