超级增强子在骨骼肌发育过程中的研究进展

Research Progress of Super Enhancers in Skeletal Muscle Development

超级增强子(Super Enhancers,SEs)是基因组中一类长度在8~20 kb之间、具有超强转录激活特性的顺式作用元件,SEs中富集高密度的关键转录因子(Master Transcription Factors)、转录共激活因子溴结构域蛋白4(Bromodomain Containing Protein4,BRD4)、中介粘连蛋白(Mediator Cohesin)及H3K27ac和H3Kme1等组蛋白修饰(Histone Modification Marks)。SEs在调控肌细胞分化、骨骼肌细胞生长发育和维持肌肉细胞身份命运等方面发挥着关键作用。因此,本文总结了SEs在骨骼肌发育过程中的作用和调控机制,为深入解析SEs等顺式调控元件在调控骨骼肌发育过程中的机制及在肌肉疾病的治疗和应用等方面的作用提供理论参考。

Super Enhancers(SEs)are a type of cis acting element in the genome with a length between 8-20 kb and strong transcriptional activation properties.SEs are enriched with high-density key transcription factors(Master Transcription Factors),transcriptional co activating factors such as Bromodomain Containing Protein 4(BRD4),Mediator Cohesin,and histone modification markers such as H3K27ac and H3Kme1.SEs play a crucial role in regulating muscle cell differentiation,skeletal muscle cell growth and development,and maintaining muscle cell identity and fate.Therefore,this article summarizes the role and regulatory mechanism of SEs in skeletal muscle development,providing theoretical reference for further understanding the mechanism of SEs and other cis regulatory elements in regulating skeletal muscle development and their application in the treatment and application of muscle diseases.