某弹药销毁场土壤锑污染及潜在健康风险评估

Current status of antimony contamination of soil at a munitions destruction site and its potential health risk

目的 探究某弹药销毁场锑(Sb)的污染状况及潜在风险。方法 于2020年7月对某弹药销毁场设置7个采样点,共采集表层土壤样品33件,检测Sb含量;采用多种污染指数法评价污染程度,采用顺序提取法和体外胃肠模拟法探究Sb的形态和生物可给性,并在此基础上进行人体健康风险评估。结果 研究区土壤Sb含量范围为2.06~345.43 mg/kg,Sb主要以残渣态(3.47~322.61 mg/kg)形式存在,其次分别为铁锰氧化物结合态(0.06~12.8 mg/kg)、有机硫化物结合态(0~4.82 mg/kg)、可交换态(0.01~5.54 mg/kg)和碳酸盐结合态(0~4.61 mg/kg);Sb的生物可给性较低(3.31%~11.86%),按照Sb总量计算的健康风险高于按照生物可给性计算的健康风险,儿童的非致癌风险显著高于成人。结论 研究区2号场、污水站周边、1号场以及废水池周边土壤Sb污染水平较高,可进行重点防控;基于生物可给性计算的健康风险更科学。

Objective To understand the contamination status and potential risk of antimony(Sb)at a munitions destruction site.Methods A total of 33 surface soil samples were collected from seven sampling points set up at a munitions destruction site in July 2020 to test the Sb content,and various contamination index methods were used to evaluate the degree of contamination,and the sequential extraction method and in vitro gastrointestinal simulation method were used to explore the morphology and bioavailability of Sb,and human health risk assessment was conducted on this basis.Results The Sb content of soils in the study area ranged from 2.06 to 345.43 mg/kg,with Sb mainly present in the residue state(3.47 to 322.61 mg/kg),followed by the Fe-Mn oxide-bound state(0.06 to 12.8 mg/kg),the organic sulfide-bound state(0 to 4.82 mg/kg),the exchangeable state(0.01 to 5.54 mg/kg)and the carbonate-bound state(0 to 4.61 mg/kg),respectively.kg)and carbonatebound state(0 to 4.61 mg/kg).The bioaccessibility of Sb was low(3.31%to 11.86%),the health risk based on total Sb was higher than that based on bioaccessibility,and the non-carcinogenic risk was significantly higher in children than in adults Conclusion Higher levels of soil Sb contamination around the site 2,the sewage station,the site 1 and around the wastewater ponds in the study area,and allow for focused prevention and control.The health risks based on bioavailability calculations are more scientific.