福山“历史终结论”的内在矛盾论析

Analysis of the Inner Contradiction of Francis Fukuyama’s“The End of History”

“历史终结论”是福山民主理论的一张名片,但其并非无懈可击。当我们回到福山关于自由民主的叙事就会发现,福山在证成“历史终结论”的过程中存在着方法论和论证逻辑上的明显错误,这在一定程度上削弱了其理论的连贯性。同时,福山的“历史终结论”本质上是为了证成西式民主的普世性,因而这样一种虚假的民主话语也难以客观地分析当代世界的民主实践。福山“历史终结论”的内在矛盾不仅影响了其理论的解释力,而且在实践中也给发展中国家的政治现代化带来了负面影响。

“The end of history”is a signature concept of Francis Fukuyama’s democratic theory,but it is not without flaws.Upon revisiting Fukuyama’s narrative on liberal democracy,significant methodological and logical errors can be found in his justification of“the end of history”,which,to some extent,undermine the coherence of his theory.Moreover,Fukuyama’s“the end of history”is fundamentally aimed at validating the universality of western-style democracy,rendering this misleading democratic discourse inadequate for objectively analyzing contemporary worldwide democratic practices.The intrinsic contradictions in Fukuyama’s“the end of history”not only weaken the explanatory power of his theory,but also negatively impact the political modernization of developing countries in practice.