山栏稻耐盐性评价与耐盐指标筛选

Identification of salt tolerance of Shanlan upland rice and screening of salt resistance index

利用合理的评价指标评估山栏稻种质材料的耐盐程度,筛选耐盐性优良的山栏稻种质,对海南山栏稻的保护与利用具有重要的科学与现实意义。本研究采用盆栽实验对40份山栏稻、3份旱稻和3份水稻在芽期和全生育期进行盐胁迫处理,芽期设置0.6%NaCl溶液处理,全生育期设置4 g·kg^(-1)的盐土处理。通过测定与水稻耐盐性相关的25个生长指标,运用相关性分析、灰色关联分析和综合评价等进行全生育期耐盐性分析并筛选耐盐指标。结果显示,单株产量、剑叶面积、每穗总粒数、结实率和有效穗数在不同材料间差异显著(P<0.05),且对盐胁迫高度敏感。基于对46份水稻种质材料全生育期生长情况耐盐性的综合评价,可将其分为4类:耐盐性强的9份,在盐胁迫下可完成完整生育期;耐盐性较强的3份,可进入生殖生长阶段但无法形成产量;耐盐性一般的16份,在进入生殖生长前已死亡;耐盐性弱的18份,在受到盐胁迫35 d后全部死亡。利用主成分分析和隶属函数分析得到耐盐性综合度量值(D值),筛选出山栏稻‘WMS02’和旱稻‘黄叶稻’为耐盐性极强材料。通过相关性和灰色关联分析,确定分蘖期倒二叶叶面积和株高为早期耐盐性鉴定的评价指标。

Evaluating and screening of salt-tolerant rice germplasm materials is of a great scientific and practical significance to conserve and utilize Shanlan upland rice in Hainan.Potting experiments were made and 40 accessions of Shanlan upland rice,3 accessions of common upland rice and 3 accessions of common paddy rice were selected for treatment under salt stress at the germination stage and the whole growth stage.They were treated with 0.6%NaCl solution at the germination stage and 4g kg^(-1) at the whole growth stage.The 25 growth indexes related to the salt tolerance of rice were determined,and their salt tolerance at the whole growth stage was analyzed by using correlation analysis,grey relational analysis and comprehensive evaluation to screen salt tolerance indexes.The results showed that single plant yield,flag leaf area,total number of grains per panicle,seed set rate and effective panicle number varied significantly between rice accessions(P<0.05),and were highly sensitive to salt stress.Comprehensive evaluation of the salt tolerance of 46 accessions of rice at the whole growth stage showed that 46 accessions can be divided into 4 categories:9 accessions with high salt tolerance that could complete the growth period under salt stress;3 accessions with high salt tolerance that could enter the reproductive growth stage but cannot form yield;16 accessions with general salt tolerance that died before entering the reproductive growth;18 accessions with poor salt tolerance that died after 35 days of salt stress.Through principal component analysis and membership function analysis,the comprehensive measurement value(D value)of salt resistance was obtained,and the Shanlan upland rice‘WMS02’and the common upland rice‘Huangyedao’were selected as materials with high salt resistance.Correlation analysis and grey relational analysis showed the penultimate leaf area and plant height at the tillering stage were identified as effective indexes for the identification of early stage salt tolerance.